系统工程与电子技术
繫統工程與電子技術
계통공정여전자기술
SYSTEMS ENGINEERING AND ELECTRONICS
2014年
5期
846-851
,共6页
杨永建%樊晓光%王晟达%禚真福%徐洋
楊永建%樊曉光%王晟達%禚真福%徐洋
양영건%번효광%왕성체%작진복%서양
卡尔曼滤波%运动状态%运动模型%自适应渐消卡尔曼滤波%修正预测值%滤波发散
卡爾曼濾波%運動狀態%運動模型%自適應漸消卡爾曼濾波%脩正預測值%濾波髮散
잡이만려파%운동상태%운동모형%자괄응점소잡이만려파%수정예측치%려파발산
Kalman filter%moving state%moving model%adaptive fading Kalman filter%amending predic-tion values%filter divergence
分析了卡尔曼滤波算法在目标状态发生突变和运动模型建立不准确时估计精度降低,甚至发散的原因,对比自适应渐消卡尔曼滤波算法,提出了一种通过直接修正预测值来提高卡尔曼滤波算法精度、改善算法性能的修正算法。修正的算法通过设置判定准则和修正准则,实时修正预测值,在滤波初始阶段可迅速降低估计误差、提高稳态时的滤波精度、缩短收敛时间;当目标发生状态突变时,可消除或降低由于目标状态突变造成的滤波跟踪精度下降、滤波发散的问题;当目标运动建模不准确时,可消除或降低由于建模不准确带来的模型误差。仿真实例说明了算法的有效性和较强的实际应用指导意义。
分析瞭卡爾曼濾波算法在目標狀態髮生突變和運動模型建立不準確時估計精度降低,甚至髮散的原因,對比自適應漸消卡爾曼濾波算法,提齣瞭一種通過直接脩正預測值來提高卡爾曼濾波算法精度、改善算法性能的脩正算法。脩正的算法通過設置判定準則和脩正準則,實時脩正預測值,在濾波初始階段可迅速降低估計誤差、提高穩態時的濾波精度、縮短收斂時間;噹目標髮生狀態突變時,可消除或降低由于目標狀態突變造成的濾波跟蹤精度下降、濾波髮散的問題;噹目標運動建模不準確時,可消除或降低由于建模不準確帶來的模型誤差。倣真實例說明瞭算法的有效性和較彊的實際應用指導意義。
분석료잡이만려파산법재목표상태발생돌변화운동모형건립불준학시고계정도강저,심지발산적원인,대비자괄응점소잡이만려파산법,제출료일충통과직접수정예측치래제고잡이만려파산법정도、개선산법성능적수정산법。수정적산법통과설치판정준칙화수정준칙,실시수정예측치,재려파초시계단가신속강저고계오차、제고은태시적려파정도、축단수렴시간;당목표발생상태돌변시,가소제혹강저유우목표상태돌변조성적려파근종정도하강、려파발산적문제;당목표운동건모불준학시,가소제혹강저유우건모불준학대래적모형오차。방진실례설명료산법적유효성화교강적실제응용지도의의。
The reasons why Kalman filter’s estimation precision is low and the filter is divergent when the target moving state changes or the moving model is not accurately established are analyzed.In contrast with the adaptive fading Kalman filter,a new amending algorithm is put forward which improves Kalman filter estima-tion accuracy and performance by adjusting the predicted value directly.The amending algorithm adjusts the predicted value in time by setting judgment and amendment rules,which can quickly reduce estimation error in the initiating filter stage,increase the precision in the static filter stage and shorten the convergence time.The new algorithm is able to reduce or eliminate the situation where the tracking precision declines and the filter is divergent when the moving state changes.Also,it can reduce or eliminate the model error when the moving model is not accurately established.The results of simulation indicate the effectiveness of the new algorithm and its strong practical guiding significance.