CAJ | 학술논문

为了探讨蔬菜大棚种植年限对土壤养分和微生态环境的影响，以陕西省泾阳县云阳镇0（大田土壤）、5、10 a 和20 a 棚龄土壤为研究对象，对不同年限蔬菜大棚土壤养分和微生物群落功能多样性进行研究。结果表明：随着种植年限增加，土壤电导率、全氮、全磷、速效养分和有机质含量均先升高后降低；10 a 棚龄土壤的微生物群落碳源利用能力最强，土壤微生物群落的 AWCD 值、Shannon、Simpson、McIntosh 和丰富度指数均显著高于其他种植年限，20 a 棚龄土壤微生物群落碳源利用能力和微生物总体活性降低，仅高于0 a 棚龄土壤。主成分分析结果显示，10、20 a 和0 a 棚龄土壤微生物群落碳源利用能力存在显著差异，起分异作用的主要碳源是糖类和氨基酸类。综上所述，与10 a 棚龄土壤相比，20 a 棚龄土壤表现为土壤肥力水平下降，微生物群落功能多样性降低。
위료탐토소채대붕충식년한대토양양분화미생태배경적영향，이합서성경양현운양진0（대전토양）、5、10 a 화20 a 붕령토양위연구대상，대불동년한소채대붕토양양분화미생물군락공능다양성진행연구。결과표명：수착충식년한증가，토양전도솔、전담、전린、속효양분화유궤질함량균선승고후강저；10 a 붕령토양적미생물군락탄원이용능력최강，토양미생물군락적 AWCD 치、Shannon、Simpson、McIntosh 화봉부도지수균현저고우기타충식년한，20 a 붕령토양미생물군락탄원이용능력화미생물총체활성강저，부고우0 a 붕령토양。주성분분석결과현시，10、20 a 화0 a 붕령토양미생물군락탄원이용능력존재현저차이，기분이작용적주요탄원시당류화안기산류。종상소술，여10 a 붕령토양상비，20 a 붕령토양표현위토양비력수평하강，미생물군락공능다양성강저。
Soil environmental quality greatly influences vegetable quality and safety as well as economic benefit in the vegetable production under plastic tunnel. This study investigated changes of soil physical-chemical properties and microbial community function in different planting years(0 a, 5 a, 10 a, 20 a)of cucumber/tomato under plastic tunnel at Yunyang town in Shaanxi Province of China. Results showed that soil electrical conductivity(EC), total nitrogen, total phosphorus, available nutrient and organic matter contents were the high-est in the 10 a planting soils, being increased by 17.7% to 326.6%, compared with the control soil(0 a). However, these indexes were 15.2% to 41.6% lower in 20 a soils than in 10 a soils. The ability of soil microbes to utilize carbon sources was also highest in the 10 a old soils. The average well color development(AWCD), Shannon, Simpson, and McIntosh indexes were significantly higher in 10 a than in soils of the other years. Carbohydrate and amino acids were the main carbon sources for soil microbes. Our results suggest that 10 a planting may be the best growth years for production of vegetable plastic tunnels in this area.