CAJ | 학술논문

以废弃物为原料修复设施菜地次生盐渍化土壤的方法已经被很多研究所采用，但其主要针对某一种废弃物，尚未将不同废弃物在不同添加量条件下进行系统的综合比较。以畜禽粪便有机肥、水稻秸秆、壳聚糖、糠醛渣和竹炭为研究对象，通过油菜作物盆栽试验方法，比较了上述5种废弃物在不同添加量条件下对设施菜地次生盐渍化土壤的修复效果。结果表明：这5种废弃物在不同添加量条件下对设施菜地土壤可溶性盐分均有不同程度的降低作用，盐分降低率分别达到0.2%~24.7%、5.8%~38.5%、5.7%~18.0%、-2.9%~19.1%、5.8%~19.1%；土壤主要盐分离子也发生了变化，有机肥提高了土壤中 K﹢、Na﹢、Ca2﹢、Cl-的含量，降低了 Mg2﹢、SO2-4、NO-3的含量；秸秆、壳聚糖和竹炭降低了土壤中 K﹢、Na﹢、Ca2﹢、Mg2﹢、Cl-、SO2-4、NO-3的含量；糠醛渣降低了土壤中 Mg2﹢、NO-3的含量，增加了 K﹢、Na﹢、Ca2﹢、Cl-、SO2-4的含量。同时，5种废弃物在不同添加量条件下对油菜生物量总体上有提高作用，生物量提高率分别达到128.6%~395.4%、63.7%~82.5%、-57.1%~208.9%、64.6%~118.3%、-3.7%~2.9%。综合分析不同废弃物的修复作用及其经济成本，有机肥和秸秆具有较好的修复效果。
이폐기물위원료수복설시채지차생염지화토양적방법이경피흔다연구소채용，단기주요침대모일충폐기물，상미장불동폐기물재불동첨가량조건하진행계통적종합비교。이축금분편유궤비、수도갈간、각취당、강철사화죽탄위연구대상，통과유채작물분재시험방법，비교료상술5충폐기물재불동첨가량조건하대설시채지차생염지화토양적수복효과。결과표명：저5충폐기물재불동첨가량조건하대설시채지토양가용성염분균유불동정도적강저작용，염분강저솔분별체도0.2%~24.7%、5.8%~38.5%、5.7%~18.0%、-2.9%~19.1%、5.8%~19.1%；토양주요염분리자야발생료변화，유궤비제고료토양중 K﹢、Na﹢、Ca2﹢、Cl-적함량，강저료 Mg2﹢、SO2-4、NO-3적함량；갈간、각취당화죽탄강저료토양중 K﹢、Na﹢、Ca2﹢、Mg2﹢、Cl-、SO2-4、NO-3적함량；강철사강저료토양중 Mg2﹢、NO-3적함량，증가료 K﹢、Na﹢、Ca2﹢、Cl-、SO2-4적함량。동시，5충폐기물재불동첨가량조건하대유채생물량총체상유제고작용，생물량제고솔분별체도128.6%~395.4%、63.7%~82.5%、-57.1%~208.9%、64.6%~118.3%、-3.7%~2.9%。종합분석불동폐기물적수복작용급기경제성본，유궤비화갈간구유교호적수복효과。
Soil secondary salinization has restricted sustainable production of vegetables in protected fields. In pot experiment, effects of five wastes on control of soil secondary salinization in protected vegetable fields were compared. Applications of all five wastes reduced the soil salinity to some extent. The reduction rates of soil salinity were 0.2%~24.7%, 5.8%~38.5%, 5.7%~18.0%, -2.9%~19.1% and 5.8%~19.1% for animal manure, rice straw, chitosan, furfural residue and bamboo charcoal, respectively. Waste additions changed major ions in soils. In comparison with the control, applying animal manure increased K ﹢, Na ﹢, Ca2﹢ and Cl- contents, whereas rice straw, chitosan and bamboo charcoal decreased the contents of K﹢, Na﹢, Ca2﹢, Mg2﹢, Cl-, SO2-4 and NO -3 . However, furfural residue application increased K﹢, Na﹢, Ca2﹢, Cl- and SO2-4 but reduced Mg2﹢ and NO -3 contents. Vegetable biomass was enhanced by applying all five wastes, with percentages being 128.6%~395.4%, 63.7%~82.5%, -57.1%~208.9%, 64.6%~118.3% and -3.7%~2.9% for animal manure, rice straw, chitosan, furfural residue and bamboo charcoal, respectively. Our results show that animal manure and rice straw have better performance than other wastes in terms of reclamation effects and economic costs.