CAJ | 학술논문

为合理确定农村居民点整治范围和布局优化方向，揭示农村居民点布局的点-轴空间作用机制。该文系统分析了村镇增长极点（城镇、中心村和基层村）与发展轴（道路）对农村居民点规划布局的空间作用机制，引入空间引力修正模型，测算村镇之间的相互作用值，采用加权Voronoi图划分各增长极点空间作用范围，结合道路与地形对农村居民点的综合作用，构建面向点-轴空间作用的农村居民点布局优化体系。研究以大冶市大箕铺镇为例进行实证研究，通过点-轴空间综合作用分析与测算，将大箕铺镇农村居民点用地空间划分为城镇化型、内部改造型、迁村并点型（包括中心村建设、村中心建设）3种模式；通过不同优化模式的空间引导与整合，实现村镇层次农村居民点科学规划与合理布局。
위합리학정농촌거민점정치범위화포국우화방향，게시농촌거민점포국적점-축공간작용궤제。해문계통분석료촌진증장겁점（성진、중심촌화기층촌）여발전축（도로）대농촌거민점규화포국적공간작용궤제，인입공간인력수정모형，측산촌진지간적상호작용치，채용가권Voronoi도화분각증장겁점공간작용범위，결합도로여지형대농촌거민점적종합작용，구건면향점-축공간작용적농촌거민점포국우화체계。연구이대야시대기포진위례진행실증연구，통과점-축공간종합작용분석여측산，장대기포진농촌거민점용지공간화분위성진화형、내부개조형、천촌병점형（포괄중심촌건설、촌중심건설）3충모식；통과불동우화모식적공간인도여정합，실현촌진층차농촌거민점과학규화여합리포국。
A rural settlement, with the spatial characteristics of point distribution and axis development, is an important land-use type that refers to construction in rural areas in China. Growth points (including town, key village and basic-level village) and development axis (including roads and river systems) play an important role in spatial optimization of rural settlements. To study the effects of point-axis on arranging the spatial layout of rural settlements, this paper analyzed the spatial action of point-axis on rural settlements using an improved gravity model. Three indexes, including population, gross domestic product, and development index of enterprise, were selected to calculate the gravity values among villages. The weights for population, gross domestic product, and development index of enterprise in the gravity model are 0.297, 0.540, and 0.163, respectively. The spatial gravity matrix of the villages was acquired using the gravity model. Five village groups were constructed and a key town, four key villages, and nineteen basic-level villages were identified. An index system, including growth point, life availability, and production convenience, was constructed to evaluate the action sphere of different growth points based on a weighted Voronoi diagram. The results show that there is an apparent difference between the action sphere of growth points and their administrative scopes. The action sphere of key villages (town) is greater than that of basic-level villages. The restriction of administrative scope was broken and the urban-rural construction was reconstructed using the weighted Voronoi diagram. Roads are important factors, which guide the development direction of rural settlements. A 500 m interval for roads is implemented to construct buffer layers by ArcGIS 10.1. The values range from zero to eight in nine buffer layers of roads, and the values range from two to five in four grades of slope. The layer with closer distances between rural settlements and roads holds a higher value. The layer, which is farther than 4000 m in road buffer, is assigned a value of zero. The interaction values of roads and slope for each rural settlement were calculated and three grades were classified based on Natural Breaks method. Rural settlements, with values between 0 and 4.647, were regarded as the potential consolidation objects. Considering the area of rural settlements, three optimization modes, including urbanization, removing and merging, and inner consolidation, were proposed for spatial optimization in Dajipu. Additionally, the mode of removing and merging was further sub-divided into two modes (construction of key village and construction of village center). The area of rural settlements for inner consolidation, urbanization, key village construction, and village center construction are 686.73 hm2, 56.18 hm2, 7.85 hm2 and 16.13 hm2, respectively. The modes for urbanization, removing and merging, are pivotal for land consolidation of rural settlements. Both of them play an important role in coordinating urban-rural development, whereas inner consolidation improves the level of intensified land use. Meanwhile, the spatial optimization of rural settlements should gather to the main roads properly. The results show that the proposed method can make the spatial optimization of rural settlements more scientific and intelligent with the consideration of growth point and axis action. It can offer an assist to decision-making in spatial optimization of rural settlements and New Countryside Construction.