CAJ | 학술논문

采用解析法对蔬菜钵苗移栽机取苗臂凸轮机构进行了详细设计，以解决目前机构推苗作业时间长、速度慢而影响推苗成功率的问题。根据移栽机取苗和推苗作业时取苗针的运动要求，以及取苗臂的结构尺寸，建立凸轮机构设计的数学模型，优化凸轮推程运动角，进而得到凸轮实际轮廓曲线，进行了机构的运动及压力角分析。建立取苗机构的三维实体模型，制造出其物理样机，采用ADAMS软件进行虚拟样机运动仿真，开展高速摄像运动试验。仿真结果和试验结果基本一致，表明改进设计是正确和合理的，同时比较改进设计结果和原设计结果可知，所设计的凸轮机构能够满足蔬菜钵苗移栽的要求，且试验推苗时间比原设计有效缩短了27.9%，有助于提高推苗成功率和蔬菜钵苗移栽机的工作性能。
채용해석법대소채발묘이재궤취묘비철륜궤구진행료상세설계，이해결목전궤구추묘작업시간장、속도만이영향추묘성공솔적문제。근거이재궤취묘화추묘작업시취묘침적운동요구，이급취묘비적결구척촌，건립철륜궤구설계적수학모형，우화철륜추정운동각，진이득도철륜실제륜곽곡선，진행료궤구적운동급압력각분석。건립취묘궤구적삼유실체모형，제조출기물리양궤，채용ADAMS연건진행허의양궤운동방진，개전고속섭상운동시험。방진결과화시험결과기본일치，표명개진설계시정학화합리적，동시비교개진설계결과화원설계결과가지，소설계적철륜궤구능구만족소채발묘이재적요구，차시험추묘시간비원설계유효축단료27.9%，유조우제고추묘성공솔화소채발묘이재궤적공작성능。
It is of important science meaning and application value to study the cam mechanism used in the seedling pick-up arm of vegetable transplanter because it is the key mechanism to influence the work performance of seedling transplanting. By exploring the shortcomings and deficiencies of the existing cam mechanism used in the seedling pick-up arm, it is not difficult to find that it takes a short time to push the seedlings, which affects the success rate of pushing the seedlings, and further affects the efficiency and success rate of transplanting the vegetable seedlings. In order to solve the problem, the analytical method with the advantages of a fast solving speed and high calculating accuracy was applied to further design the current cam mechanism in the seedling pick-up arm. According to the movement requirements of the seedling pick-up and seedling-push of the vegetable transplanter and the structure dimensions of seedling pick-up arm, the mathematical model of designing the cam mechanism was built and the push movement angle of the cam was optimized by exhaustion method. Then the practical cam profile curve was designed and kinematics and pressure angle analysis of the cam mechanism was carried out by using MATLAB program. For verifying the correctness and rationality of the improved design, UG and ADMAS software were applied to a build three-dimensional model of the seeding pick-up mechanism and to carry out the virtual prototype movement simulation. After the physical prototype of the mechanism was manufactured, the self-developed test bench, high-speed digital video camera and image processing technology were used to complete a bench test. The basic consistency of the simulation results and the test results showed the improved design is correct and reasonable. At the same time, the comparison of the improved design results and the original design results shows that the improved cam mechanism can not only meet the operating requirements of the vegetable seedling transplanter, but also effectively reduce by 27.9%of the time for the pushing seedlings, which is beneficial to improving the success rate of the seedling push and work performance of vegetable seedling transplanter.