中国医学伦理学
中國醫學倫理學
중국의학윤리학
CHINESE MEDICAL ETHICS
2014年
2期
186-188
,共3页
伦理审查%风险获益比%成分分析%伦理委员会%合理风险
倫理審查%風險穫益比%成分分析%倫理委員會%閤理風險
윤리심사%풍험획익비%성분분석%윤리위원회%합리풍험
Ethical Review%Risk-Benefit Ratio%Component Analysis%Ethics Committee%Reasonable Risk
合理的风险获益比是医学研究伦理审查重要的标准之一,但在目前的伦理审查实践中并没有一套统一的风险获益分析和评估标准。常用的“普遍规则方法”和“个人照护义务方法”都有其自身的局限,尽管有学者期望通过“成分分析”策略对其进行弥补,但这一尝试并不成功。所以亚历克斯·伦敦试图建构一个综合方法,在区分个人利益和根本利益的前提下阐释“合理风险”,并引入“对照活动”作为规范性标准,从而致力于风险获益评估的理论建构。同时,安尼特·雷德和大卫·温得勒提出的“风险获益评估的七步框架”则主要从实践角度出发指导风险获益评估。
閤理的風險穫益比是醫學研究倫理審查重要的標準之一,但在目前的倫理審查實踐中併沒有一套統一的風險穫益分析和評估標準。常用的“普遍規則方法”和“箇人照護義務方法”都有其自身的跼限,儘管有學者期望通過“成分分析”策略對其進行瀰補,但這一嘗試併不成功。所以亞歷剋斯·倫敦試圖建構一箇綜閤方法,在區分箇人利益和根本利益的前提下闡釋“閤理風險”,併引入“對照活動”作為規範性標準,從而緻力于風險穫益評估的理論建構。同時,安尼特·雷德和大衛·溫得勒提齣的“風險穫益評估的七步框架”則主要從實踐角度齣髮指導風險穫益評估。
합리적풍험획익비시의학연구윤리심사중요적표준지일,단재목전적윤리심사실천중병몰유일투통일적풍험획익분석화평고표준。상용적“보편규칙방법”화“개인조호의무방법”도유기자신적국한,진관유학자기망통과“성분분석”책략대기진행미보,단저일상시병불성공。소이아력극사·륜돈시도건구일개종합방법,재구분개인이익화근본이익적전제하천석“합리풍험”,병인입“대조활동”작위규범성표준,종이치력우풍험획익평고적이론건구。동시,안니특·뢰덕화대위·온득륵제출적“풍험획익평고적칠보광가”칙주요종실천각도출발지도풍험획익평고。
The reasonable risk-benefit ratio is one of the most significant criteria in ethical review .However , there is not a well-organized standard for risk -benefit analysis and assessment .Also the commonly used Common Rule and Duty of Personal Care Approach have their own limitations , which revoked the Component Analysis Strate-gy, unfortunately, failed again.Alex John London, as a result, tried to construct a comprehensive approach , in which he clarified "reasonable risk"based on the distinction of personal interest and basic interest , as well as brought in the concept of comparator activities .Compare to the theoretical contribution of London ,"A seven-step framework for risk-benefit evaluation"created by Annette Rid and David Wendler concerns more from the practi-cal aspect .