东南大学学报（自然科学版）
東南大學學報（自然科學版）
동남대학학보（자연과학판）
JOURNAL OF SOUTHEAST UNIVERSITY
2014年
2期
272-276
,共5页
光纤陀螺/全站仪%定向误差%全站仪竖轴%参考椭球面法线%虚拟点
光纖陀螺/全站儀%定嚮誤差%全站儀豎軸%參攷橢毬麵法線%虛擬點
광섬타라/전참의%정향오차%전참의수축%삼고타구면법선%허의점
FOG(fiber optic gyro)/TS(total station)%orientation error%vertical axis of total sta-tion%normal of reference ellipsoid%virtual point
为了完善光纤陀螺/全站仪组合的定向算法，分析了全站仪竖轴和参考椭球面法线不平行对光纤陀螺/全站仪组合的定向解算影响．结果表明：当测站处于纬度0°～70°区域内时，由这种不平行带来的定向误差随纬度增加近似呈线性增加，最大可达40″；在中国范围内，最大定向误差约为27″．为了消除该误差，虚拟出一个地面点，使过该点的椭球面法线与全站仪竖轴平行，以虚拟点坐标代替定向算法中的测站坐标．然后，推导出基于全站仪整平误差测量值、垂线偏差及测站坐标求取虚拟点坐标的公式．考虑到全站仪整平误差及垂线偏差的测量误差影响，对改进后的定向算法进行了误差分析．研究结果表明：由竖轴和法线不平行导致的定向误差大幅度减小，在中国范围内，最大定向误差约为5．2″；即使虚拟点的垂线偏差简单取零，最大定向误差也仅为7．2″．
為瞭完善光纖陀螺/全站儀組閤的定嚮算法，分析瞭全站儀豎軸和參攷橢毬麵法線不平行對光纖陀螺/全站儀組閤的定嚮解算影響．結果錶明：噹測站處于緯度0°～70°區域內時，由這種不平行帶來的定嚮誤差隨緯度增加近似呈線性增加，最大可達40″；在中國範圍內，最大定嚮誤差約為27″．為瞭消除該誤差，虛擬齣一箇地麵點，使過該點的橢毬麵法線與全站儀豎軸平行，以虛擬點坐標代替定嚮算法中的測站坐標．然後，推導齣基于全站儀整平誤差測量值、垂線偏差及測站坐標求取虛擬點坐標的公式．攷慮到全站儀整平誤差及垂線偏差的測量誤差影響，對改進後的定嚮算法進行瞭誤差分析．研究結果錶明：由豎軸和法線不平行導緻的定嚮誤差大幅度減小，在中國範圍內，最大定嚮誤差約為5．2″；即使虛擬點的垂線偏差簡單取零，最大定嚮誤差也僅為7．2″．
위료완선광섬타라/전참의조합적정향산법，분석료전참의수축화삼고타구면법선불평행대광섬타라/전참의조합적정향해산영향．결과표명：당측참처우위도0°～70°구역내시，유저충불평행대래적정향오차수위도증가근사정선성증가，최대가체40″；재중국범위내，최대정향오차약위27″．위료소제해오차，허의출일개지면점，사과해점적타구면법선여전참의수축평행，이허의점좌표대체정향산법중적측참좌표．연후，추도출기우전참의정평오차측량치、수선편차급측참좌표구취허의점좌표적공식．고필도전참의정평오차급수선편차적측량오차영향，대개진후적정향산법진행료오차분석．연구결과표명：유수축화법선불평행도치적정향오차대폭도감소，재중국범위내，최대정향오차약위5．2″；즉사허의점적수선편차간단취령，최대정향오차야부위7．2″．
In order to perfect the orientation algorithm of the combination of the fiber optic gyro (FOG)and the total station(TS),the influence of the non-parallel between the vertical axis of the TS and the normal of the reference ellipsoid passing the station point on the orientation solution is an-alyzed.The results show that when the station point locates in the latitude from 0°to 70°,the orien-tation error caused by the non-parallel increases nearly linearly with the increase of the latitude,and the maximum is about 40″.Especially,the maximum of the orientation error is about 27″in the re-gion of China.In order to eliminate the error,a virtual point on the ground is presented,through which the normal of the ellipsoid is parallel to the vertical axis of the TS,and the coordinates of the station in the orientation algorithm are replaced with those of the virtual point.Then,the formula for the coordinates of the virtual point is educed with the measured values of the leveling error of the TS,the deflection of the vertical and the coordinates of the station.In view of the influence of the leveling error of the TS and the deflection of the vertical on the measuring error,the error of the im-proved algorithm is analyzed.The results show that the orientation error resulting from the non-paral-lel between the vertical axis and the normal decreases largely,and the maximum of the orientation error is about 5 .2″in the region of China.Even if the vertical deflection is zero when calculating the virtual point,the maximum of the orientation error is only 7 .2″.
