CAJ | 학술논문

为了在有限时间域内最大化各灾区应急资源需求满足量、减少延迟成本，采用网络流理论及双层规划建模方法，构建了含时间窗的应急救援车辆多次、多阶段动态调度模型，并利用基于动态规划的两阶段启发式算法进行求解．算例结果表明，最优解形成了集覆盖调度方案，即从供应点1出发的车辆覆盖需求点（1，3，7，8），从供应点2出发的车辆覆盖需求点（2，4，6），从供应点3出发的车辆覆盖需求点（1，5）．在最优调度方案下，总延迟成本为0．双层规划能降低求解维度，上下层合作关系保证了全局最优的实现．因此，应急管理部门应先行决策应急资源的战略配置以有效提高各阶段救援车辆调度效率．
위료재유한시간역내최대화각재구응급자원수구만족량、감소연지성본，채용망락류이론급쌍층규화건모방법，구건료함시간창적응급구원차량다차、다계단동태조도모형，병이용기우동태규화적량계단계발식산법진행구해．산례결과표명，최우해형성료집복개조도방안，즉종공응점1출발적차량복개수구점（1，3，7，8），종공응점2출발적차량복개수구점（2，4，6），종공응점3출발적차량복개수구점（1，5）．재최우조도방안하，총연지성본위0．쌍층규화능강저구해유도，상하층합작관계보증료전국최우적실현．인차，응급관리부문응선행결책응급자원적전략배치이유효제고각계단구원차량조도효솔．
To maximize the total satisfied demand of disaster areas and minimize the cost of delay within a limited time domain,a multi-time and multi-period model of emergency vehicle dynamic scheduling with time windows is constructed by using the network flow theory and bi-level program-ming modeling method.And a two-phase heuristic algorithm based on dynamic programming is put forward to solve this problem.The numerical results indicate that the optimal solution is a set-cover scheduling scheme.The vehicles from supply point 1 cover demand points (1,3,7,8);the vehicles from supply point 2 cover demand points (2,4,6);the vehicles from supply point 3 cover demand points (1 ,5 ).The total cost of delay is 0 under the optimal solution.The bi-level programming can degrade the dimension of the solution,and the cooperation relationship between the upper level and the lower level guarantees the realization of global optimization.Therefore,the emergency manage-ment department should first make strategic decisions of emergency resource allocation to effectively enhance the efficiency of the vehicle scheduling during each period.