CAJ | 학술논문

【目的】氨基酸能被作物吸收利用,影响作物的养分吸收和品质形成。采用盆栽试验,通过三种氨基酸组氨酸( His)、甘氨酸( Gly)和甲硫氨酸( Met)喷施,研究三种氨基酸对菜心生长及品质的影响。【方法】试验设置六个浓度梯度为0、50、100、200、400、800 mg/kg。氨基酸喷施时间为34叶期、78叶期和抽苔期。喷施5天后测定株高、倒4叶叶长、叶宽等生长指标。收获期地上部测重,测定Vc含量、可溶性糖含量、蛋白质含量,离子色谱法测定硝酸盐和草酸含量。【结果】三种氨基酸对菜心生长、产量、地上部蛋白质、硝酸盐和草酸的影响如下,1)50400 mg/kg的组氨酸和甲硫氨酸有增产效果,其中喷施100 mg/kg甲硫氨酸菜心产量增幅最大,达17.3%,氨基酸高浓度(800 mg/kg)喷施时,产量下降。2)三种氨基酸处理的菜心地上部蛋白质含量明显升高,且氨基酸喷施浓度和蛋白质含量之间呈极显著正相关关系(r=0.4026)。3)菜心地上部硝酸盐含量随氨基酸喷施浓度的提高先下降后上升,其中喷施100 mg/kg的甘氨酸对降低菜心地上部硝酸盐含量的效果最显著,比对照降低30.7%；喷施高浓度氨基酸(800 mg/kg)其硝酸盐含量反而比对照高。4)草酸在植物体中普遍存在会影响蔬菜的品质,喷施氨基酸后菜心地上部草酸含量均下降,甲硫氨酸处理与对照相比可降低54.5%68.3%。【结论】50200 mg/kg的组氨酸、甘氨酸和甲硫氨酸喷施能在不同程度上促进菜心生长和增产,提高菜心地上部蛋白质含量,降低硝酸盐和草酸含量。该研究结果可为氨基酸在蔬菜生产上的应用,尤其是如何降低草酸含量、提高蔬菜品质提供依据。
【목적】안기산능피작물흡수이용,영향작물적양분흡수화품질형성。채용분재시험,통과삼충안기산조안산( His)、감안산( Gly)화갑류안산( Met)분시,연구삼충안기산대채심생장급품질적영향。【방법】시험설치륙개농도제도위0、50、100、200、400、800 mg/kg。안기산분시시간위34협기、78협기화추태기。분시5천후측정주고、도4협협장、협관등생장지표。수획기지상부측중,측정Vc함량、가용성당함량、단백질함량,리자색보법측정초산염화초산함량。【결과】삼충안기산대채심생장、산량、지상부단백질、초산염화초산적영향여하,1)50400 mg/kg적조안산화갑류안산유증산효과,기중분시100 mg/kg갑류안산채심산량증폭최대,체17.3%,안기산고농도(800 mg/kg)분시시,산량하강。2)삼충안기산처리적채심지상부단백질함량명현승고,차안기산분시농도화단백질함량지간정겁현저정상관관계(r=0.4026)。3)채심지상부초산염함량수안기산분시농도적제고선하강후상승,기중분시100 mg/kg적감안산대강저채심지상부초산염함량적효과최현저,비대조강저30.7%；분시고농도안기산(800 mg/kg)기초산염함량반이비대조고。4)초산재식물체중보편존재회영향소채적품질,분시안기산후채심지상부초산함량균하강,갑류안산처리여대조상비가강저54.5%68.3%。【결론】50200 mg/kg적조안산、감안산화갑류안산분시능재불동정도상촉진채심생장화증산,제고채심지상부단백질함량,강저초산염화초산함량。해연구결과가위안기산재소채생산상적응용,우기시여하강저초산함량、제고소채품질제공의거。
[Objectives]Crops could absorb and use amino acids,which could influence the yield and quantity of crops. In this study, a pot culture experiment was carried out to determine the changes of yield and quantity of Chinese cabbage after the treatment of histidine, glycine and methionine [Methods] Chinese cabbage was respectively sprayed by histidine, glycine and methionine solutions at 3-4 leaf stage, 7-8 leaf stage and bolting stage,and the sparaying concentration of each amino acid was composed of 50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg and 800 mg/kg. At the 5th day after spraying, the height, the length of fall four foliage and blade width were measured to determine the influences of amino acids on the growth. At the harvest period, the weight, Vc content, soluble sugar content, protein content, nitrate and oxalate content of aboveground were measured to determine the influences of amino acids on the yield and quality.[Results]The effects of histidine, glycine and methionine on Chinese cabbage are concluded as the following:1 ) Application of 100 mg/kg methionine solution increased significantly the yield of leaves by 17. 3%, while in the treatment with 800 mg/kg histidine or glycine or methionine solution, the yields of leaves decreased. 2 ) The protein contents in aerial part increased after treatment , and there were positive correlations between the concentration of amino acid solution and protein contents (r=0. 4026). 3) With the increase of the concentration of amino acid solution, the nitrate content decreased and then increased, an decrease of 30. 7% was detected when 100 mg/kg glycine solution was supplied, but it was higher than control after the application of 800 mg/kg amino acid solution. 4 ) After the application of histidine, glycine and methionine solution, the oxalate content declined, and an decrease of 54. 5% -68. 3% was detected in methionine treatment. [Conclusions]The application of 50-200 mg/kg histidine, glycine and methionine solution could improve the yield and quality of Chinese cabbage. This study will provide a new approach in reducing oxalate content in vegetables, and supply scientific evidences for the application of amino acids in vegetable production.