CAJ | 학술논문

金钱鱼Scatophagus argus是一种具有观赏和食用价值的重要海水经济鱼类。文章对金钱鱼受精卵的胚胎发育过程和胚后不同发育阶段的形态特征进行了观察和描述,并对其仔、稚鱼饵料摄食情况作了初步观测。结果显示,在海水温度27.0~28.5℃、盐度26‰、pH为8.10~8.25的条件下,金钱鱼受精卵历时21h 30min完成整个胚胎发育过程孵化出膜。刚破膜仔鱼全长1.60±0.04mm,4h后全长1.79±0.04mm；卵黄囊椭圆球形,长径0.63±0.03mm,短径0.38±0.02mm。在水温28.0~29.0℃、盐度22‰~26‰海水中,1日龄仔鱼全长2.23±0.05mm,体高0.47±0.02mm,卵黄囊明显吸收；5日龄仔鱼全长2.85±0.07mm,卵黄囊和油球吸收完毕,仔鱼口裂0.17~0.18mm,开始摄取粒径0.10~0.12mm的轮虫幼体；9日龄仔鱼全长3.25±0.04mm,腹鳍鳍棘原基形成,胃肠充满饵料食物,消化吸收能力增强,仔鱼群体完全进入异养生长阶段；15日龄仔鱼全长3.72±0.03mm,腹鳍伸展,出现一对雏形鳍棘,仔鱼活力极强,可轻易摄食0.12~0.18mm的轮虫和桡足类幼体；32日龄的稚鱼尾部细小黑色素粒密集,体侧出现4条褐色横纹,背鳍、臀鳍和腹鳍鳍棘及鳍条基本发育完整,颅骨后下方两侧长出一对三叶状特异形骨结节突起,口裂约0.50mm,主食桡足类和硅藻,并能够摄食少量软性配合饲料。本研究可为金钱鱼繁育生产和早期形态鉴别提供生物学依据。
금전어Scatophagus argus시일충구유관상화식용개치적중요해수경제어류。문장대금전어수정란적배태발육과정화배후불동발육계단적형태특정진행료관찰화묘술,병대기자、치어이료섭식정황작료초보관측。결과현시,재해수온도27.0~28.5℃、염도26‰、pH위8.10~8.25적조건하,금전어수정란력시21h 30min완성정개배태발육과정부화출막。강파막자어전장1.60±0.04mm,4h후전장1.79±0.04mm；란황낭타원구형,장경0.63±0.03mm,단경0.38±0.02mm。재수온28.0~29.0℃、염도22‰~26‰해수중,1일령자어전장2.23±0.05mm,체고0.47±0.02mm,란황낭명현흡수；5일령자어전장2.85±0.07mm,란황낭화유구흡수완필,자어구렬0.17~0.18mm,개시섭취립경0.10~0.12mm적륜충유체；9일령자어전장3.25±0.04mm,복기기극원기형성,위장충만이료식물,소화흡수능력증강,자어군체완전진입이양생장계단；15일령자어전장3.72±0.03mm,복기신전,출현일대추형기극,자어활력겁강,가경역섭식0.12~0.18mm적륜충화뇨족류유체；32일령적치어미부세소흑색소립밀집,체측출현4조갈색횡문,배기、둔기화복기기극급기조기본발육완정,로골후하방량측장출일대삼협상특이형골결절돌기,구렬약0.50mm,주식뇨족류화규조,병능구섭식소량연성배합사료。본연구가위금전어번육생산화조기형태감별제공생물학의거。
The spotted scat, Scatophagus argus, is recreational and commercial fish in China and Southeast Asia. In this study, the morphological characteristics of the fertilized eggs of Scatophagus argus on different stages of embryonic development and post-embryonic development were preliminarily observed. The ingestion situation of the larvae and juveniles was also preliminarily observed. The results show the fertilized eggs of Scatophagus argus took 21.5 hours to hatch after the completion of whole embryonic development in sea water with a temperature between 27℃ and 28.5℃, salinity of 26‰and pH value between 8.10 and 8.25.The total length of the newly hatched larvae was 1.60±0.04 mm, and reached 1.79±0.04 mm over the course of the next four hours with an elliptical yolk sac. In sea water between 28.0℃ and 29.0℃ and salinity of 22-26‰, the total length of larvae was 2.23±0.05 mm after 24 hours;meanwhile, their yolk sacs were being absorbed visibly. For larvae at five days of age, the total length reached 2.85±0.07 mm and their yolk sacs and oil balls were absorbed completely. The width of their mouth was between 0.17 to 0.18 mm. They were able to ingest larval rotifers, of which the grain size was between 0.10 to 0.12 mm. For larvae at nine days of age, the total length reached 3.25±0.04 mm, Their stomachs and intestines were filled with feed. Nutrient conversion for larval population had been finished entirely by then. For larvae at 15 days of age, the total length reached 3.72±0.03 mm. The larvae were highly active to prey on rotifers and larval copepods, of which the grain size was between 0.12 to 0.18 mm. Black brown pigments became denser at the tails of the juveniles at 32 day of age, and four brown strips appeared on each side of the juvenile’s body. The dorsal fins, anal fins and abdomen fins had finished development basically in the meantime. A pair of peculiar three leaf-shaped skeleton tuber appeared in the rear of the skull. The width of the juvenile’s mouth grew to 0.50 mm. They mainly fed on copepods and diatoms. This study provides basic biological information for the early development of Scatophagus argu and breeding.