CAJ | 학술논문

首次在位于渤海海峡中部的砣矶岛国家大气背景监测站连续采集大流量 PM2.5样品，对2011年12月至2012年12月期间的65个样品进行了分析，包括质量浓度、有机碳、元素碳、水溶性离子、无机元素等。结果表明，砣矶岛PM2.5的年均质量浓度为54.6μg/m3(17.3~143.8μg/m3)，超过国家空气质量标准(35μg/m3)。在季节变化上表现为春季与夏季高(平均浓度分别为73.6μg/m3与60.7μg/m3)，分别受沙尘和山东半岛生物质燃烧的影响，而冬季最低(39.0μg/m3)，与渤海地区冬季频降暴雪有关。PM2.5中24SO ?、OM、3NO?、MMO是最主要的成分，分别占PM2.5质量的18.8%、16.5%、10.8%和9.4%，其次为4NH?(3.5%)和EC (3.3%)。砣矶岛PM2.5的组成较好地反映了颗粒物的主要来源及其季节变化特征，如：春季样品中Fe、Ca与Mg含量最高，与春季北方地区普遍受沙尘影响有关；夏季较高的K+浓度与OC/EC比值反映夏季风影响下山东半岛生物质燃烧对砣矶岛PM2.5的重要贡献；夏季24SO ?与3NO?的异常浓度反映了二次气溶胶形成的普遍特征。此外，较高的Na+浓度与V/Ni比值表明海盐和船舶废气对砣矶岛PM2.5有一定影响。
수차재위우발해해협중부적타기도국가대기배경감측참련속채집대류량 PM2.5양품，대2011년12월지2012년12월기간적65개양품진행료분석，포괄질량농도、유궤탄、원소탄、수용성리자、무궤원소등。결과표명，타기도PM2.5적년균질량농도위54.6μg/m3(17.3~143.8μg/m3)，초과국가공기질량표준(35μg/m3)。재계절변화상표현위춘계여하계고(평균농도분별위73.6μg/m3여60.7μg/m3)，분별수사진화산동반도생물질연소적영향，이동계최저(39.0μg/m3)，여발해지구동계빈강폭설유관。PM2.5중24SO ?、OM、3NO?、MMO시최주요적성분，분별점PM2.5질량적18.8%、16.5%、10.8%화9.4%，기차위4NH?(3.5%)화EC (3.3%)。타기도PM2.5적조성교호지반영료과립물적주요래원급기계절변화특정，여：춘계양품중Fe、Ca여Mg함량최고，여춘계북방지구보편수사진영향유관；하계교고적K+농도여OC/EC비치반영하계풍영향하산동반도생물질연소대타기도PM2.5적중요공헌；하계24SO ?여3NO?적이상농도반영료이차기용효형성적보편특정。차외，교고적Na+농도여V/Ni비치표명해염화선박폐기대타기도PM2.5유일정영향。
High-volume PM2.5 samples were collected consecutively at the national air background monitoring station at Tuoji Island, which is located in the middle of the Bohai strait. Sixty-five samples collected during December 2011 to December 2012 were analyzed to obtain PM2.5 concentrations and chemical compositions such as OC, EC, inorganic elements, and water-soluble ions. The average mass concentration of PM2.5 was 54.6μg/m3 (17.3~143.8 μg/m3), exceeding the standard value of 35 μg/m3 of the National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS). High values of seasonal concentration occurred in spring and summer (73.6 μg/m3 and 60.7 μg/m3 in average, respectively), which were related with the dust storm in north China and biomass burning from Shandong peninsula, respectively. The lowest concentration appeared in winter (39.0μg/m3) that may be affected by the wet deposition of clean mechanism frequent snowstorms. Sulfate (18.8%), organic matters (16.5%), nitrate (10.8%), and main metal oxides (9.4%) were the main components of PM2.5, followed by ammonium (3.5%) and EC (3.3%). The chemical compositions of PM2.5 reflected the main sources as well as their seasonal variations at Tuoji Island. For example, the high concentrations of Fe, Ca, and Mg in spring samples could be related with dust storms occurred frequently in north China, while the high values of K+concentration and OC/EC ratio in summer reflected the series biomass combustion in Shandong peninsula. The extremely high concentrations of 24SO ? and NO4? in summer reflected the formation of secondary aerosols. Additionally, high values of Na+ concentration and V/Ni ratio in PM2.5 showed that sea salt and shipping emissions also had certain contribution to PM2.5 at Tuoji Island.