生态环境学报
生態環境學報
생태배경학보
ECOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENT
2014年
5期
890-896
,共7页
姚伦芳%滕应%刘方%吴永贵%李振高%骆永明
姚倫芳%滕應%劉方%吳永貴%李振高%駱永明
요륜방%등응%류방%오영귀%리진고%락영명
PAHs%污染土壤%木霉菌%紫花苜蓿%微生态效应
PAHs%汙染土壤%木黴菌%紫花苜蓿%微生態效應
PAHs%오염토양%목매균%자화목숙%미생태효응
PAHs%Soil contamination%Trichoderma reesei%Alfalfa%Microbial synergistic effect
微生物-植物联合修复技术作为一种低耗高效的新型修复手段已经被广泛应用于有机污染土壤的修复领域并取得了较好的效果,新型生物资源的应用将推动该方法的进一步发展。本研究采用温室盆栽实验,以里氏木霉(Trichodermaressei FS10-C)、根瘤菌(Rhizobium meliloti)和紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativaL.)作为供试生物,设置添加灭活菌剂-无紫花苜蓿(CK)、添加灭活菌剂-种植紫花苜蓿(A)、接种木霉菌剂-种植紫花苜蓿(TA)、接种木霉菌根瘤菌复合菌剂-种植紫花苜蓿(TRA)4种处理,探究微生物-植物联合修复对多环芳烃(PAHs)污染土壤的生物修复效果及其微生态效应。结果表明,经过60 d的培养,微生物不仅促进了紫花苜蓿的生长,而且在紫花苜蓿的协同作用下进一步提高了土壤中PAHs降解率。TA处理中紫花苜蓿生物量增加了5.88%,而TRA处理进一步促进了紫花苜蓿的生长,其生物量增加了11.15%;A、TA和TRA处理下土壤中PAHs的降解率分别为17.02%、25.62%、32.93%,显著(p<0.05)高于处理CK(5.67%)。此外,接种菌剂处理(TA、TRA)对土壤中高分子量PAHs具有更好的降解效果,A处理土壤中4-、5(+6)环PAHs的降解率分别为18.13%、24.74%, TA处理为21.41%、28.34%,而TRA处理则为21.29%、30.11%。同时,紫花苜蓿能够通过其根际效应显著促进土壤微生物活性,相较于CK处理,A、TA、TRA处理土壤脱氢酶活性分别提高了33.20%、34.58%、32.65%,A、TA、TRA处理AWCD值和微生物群落多样性指数均显著(p<0.05)高于CK。通过木霉、根瘤菌与紫花苜蓿联合作用不仅可以有效地降解土壤中的PAHs,而且能够恢复土壤微生物生态功能多样性和稳定性。因此,该方法是一种极具潜力的生物修复手段,具有广阔的市场应用前景。
微生物-植物聯閤脩複技術作為一種低耗高效的新型脩複手段已經被廣汎應用于有機汙染土壤的脩複領域併取得瞭較好的效果,新型生物資源的應用將推動該方法的進一步髮展。本研究採用溫室盆栽實驗,以裏氏木黴(Trichodermaressei FS10-C)、根瘤菌(Rhizobium meliloti)和紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativaL.)作為供試生物,設置添加滅活菌劑-無紫花苜蓿(CK)、添加滅活菌劑-種植紫花苜蓿(A)、接種木黴菌劑-種植紫花苜蓿(TA)、接種木黴菌根瘤菌複閤菌劑-種植紫花苜蓿(TRA)4種處理,探究微生物-植物聯閤脩複對多環芳烴(PAHs)汙染土壤的生物脩複效果及其微生態效應。結果錶明,經過60 d的培養,微生物不僅促進瞭紫花苜蓿的生長,而且在紫花苜蓿的協同作用下進一步提高瞭土壤中PAHs降解率。TA處理中紫花苜蓿生物量增加瞭5.88%,而TRA處理進一步促進瞭紫花苜蓿的生長,其生物量增加瞭11.15%;A、TA和TRA處理下土壤中PAHs的降解率分彆為17.02%、25.62%、32.93%,顯著(p<0.05)高于處理CK(5.67%)。此外,接種菌劑處理(TA、TRA)對土壤中高分子量PAHs具有更好的降解效果,A處理土壤中4-、5(+6)環PAHs的降解率分彆為18.13%、24.74%, TA處理為21.41%、28.34%,而TRA處理則為21.29%、30.11%。同時,紫花苜蓿能夠通過其根際效應顯著促進土壤微生物活性,相較于CK處理,A、TA、TRA處理土壤脫氫酶活性分彆提高瞭33.20%、34.58%、32.65%,A、TA、TRA處理AWCD值和微生物群落多樣性指數均顯著(p<0.05)高于CK。通過木黴、根瘤菌與紫花苜蓿聯閤作用不僅可以有效地降解土壤中的PAHs,而且能夠恢複土壤微生物生態功能多樣性和穩定性。因此,該方法是一種極具潛力的生物脩複手段,具有廣闊的市場應用前景。
미생물-식물연합수복기술작위일충저모고효적신형수복수단이경피엄범응용우유궤오염토양적수복영역병취득료교호적효과,신형생물자원적응용장추동해방법적진일보발전。본연구채용온실분재실험,이리씨목매(Trichodermaressei FS10-C)、근류균(Rhizobium meliloti)화자화목숙(Medicago sativaL.)작위공시생물,설치첨가멸활균제-무자화목숙(CK)、첨가멸활균제-충식자화목숙(A)、접충목매균제-충식자화목숙(TA)、접충목매균근류균복합균제-충식자화목숙(TRA)4충처리,탐구미생물-식물연합수복대다배방경(PAHs)오염토양적생물수복효과급기미생태효응。결과표명,경과60 d적배양,미생물불부촉진료자화목숙적생장,이차재자화목숙적협동작용하진일보제고료토양중PAHs강해솔。TA처리중자화목숙생물량증가료5.88%,이TRA처리진일보촉진료자화목숙적생장,기생물량증가료11.15%;A、TA화TRA처리하토양중PAHs적강해솔분별위17.02%、25.62%、32.93%,현저(p<0.05)고우처리CK(5.67%)。차외,접충균제처리(TA、TRA)대토양중고분자량PAHs구유경호적강해효과,A처리토양중4-、5(+6)배PAHs적강해솔분별위18.13%、24.74%, TA처리위21.41%、28.34%,이TRA처리칙위21.29%、30.11%。동시,자화목숙능구통과기근제효응현저촉진토양미생물활성,상교우CK처리,A、TA、TRA처리토양탈경매활성분별제고료33.20%、34.58%、32.65%,A、TA、TRA처리AWCD치화미생물군락다양성지수균현저(p<0.05)고우CK。통과목매、근류균여자화목숙연합작용불부가이유효지강해토양중적PAHs,이차능구회복토양미생물생태공능다양성화은정성。인차,해방법시일충겁구잠력적생물수복수단,구유엄활적시장응용전경。
Phytoremediation combined with microbial remediation is a relatively low cost and highly efficient new remediation method for soils moderately contaminated with persistent organic pollutants. Application of new biological resources will promote the further development of this method. In the present study a fungus (Trichoderma reesei FS10-C), a bacterium (Rhizobium meliloti) and alfalfa (Medicago sativaL.) were studied in a pot experiment. There were control pots with inoculation with only inactiveT. reeseiandR.meliloti (CK) and three treatments comprising alfalfa with inactiveT. reeseiandR.meliloti (A), alfalfa inoculated withT. reesei (TA), and alfalfa inoculated withT. reeseiandR. meliloti (TRA). The study was conducted to examine the effects of inoculation withT. reesei andR. melilotion phytoremediation by alfalfof soil contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The biomass of alfalfa increased by 5.9 and 11.2% in TA and TRA treatments, respectively, after 60 days. The PAH concentrations in A, TA and TRA treatments were significantly (p<0.05) reduced by 17.0, 25.6 and 32.9%, respectively, and only by 5.7% in the control. In addition, inoculation withT. reesei andR. melilotigave higher remove rates of high molecular weight PAHs. The removal efficiencies of 4- and 5(+6)-ring PAHs were18.1 and 24.7%, 21.4 and 28.3%, and 21.3 and 30.1% for A, TA and TRA treatments, respectively. Moreover, the treatments with alfalfa (A, TA, TRA) significantly (p<0.05) increased the soil microbial activity. Compared with the control, soil dehydrogenase activity in A, TA, and TRA treatments increased by 33.2, 34.6 and 32.6%, and the AWCD values and diversity indices were significantly (p<0.05) higher than in the control. The combination of the microorganisms (T. reesei andR. meliloti) with alfalfa therefore stimulated the remediation efficiency of the PAHs by the rhizosphere microflora. This combination might be a promising bioremediation strategy for aged PAH-contaminated soils in the future.