生态环境学报
生態環境學報
생태배경학보
ECOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENT
2014年
5期
842-846
,共5页
王鹏%赵志忠%马荣林%李香%王军广
王鵬%趙誌忠%馬榮林%李香%王軍廣
왕붕%조지충%마영림%리향%왕군엄
重金属元素%富集%红树林%海南岛
重金屬元素%富集%紅樹林%海南島
중금속원소%부집%홍수림%해남도
Heavy metal elements%enrichment%mangrove%Hainan Island
对海南岛北部潮间带红树林湿地7种红树植物（根、茎、叶）及其根系沉积物中重金属元素含量进行了分析，结果表明：研究区湿地沉积物中Ni、Cu、Zn、As和Cd的变异系数大于0.50，沉积物中重金属分布很不稳定。其中Cr、Cu、Zn、As和Cd的含量均高于海南水系沉积物背景值，可能存在外源的输入。仅有Pb的含量略低于海南水系沉积物背景值。总体来看，大部分植物显示了对Cd元素的较强的富集能力（BAC>1），瓶花木对重金属元素的吸收能力总体上要比其他红树植物强一些，木果楝对重金属元素的吸收能力总体上最弱。其中，瓶花木（Scyphiphora hydrophyllacea）对Cr、Zn、As和Cd的吸收能力较强，莲叶桐（Hernandia sonora）对Cr和Ni的吸收能力较强，角果木（Ceriops tagal）对Pb的富集能力较强。角果木（Ceriops tagal）和桐花树（Aegiceras corniculatum）对Cd和Pb的运输能力较强，瓶花木（Scyphiphora hydrophyllacea）对Cu、Zn和Cd的运输能力较强，尖瓣海莲（Bruguiera sexangula）对Cr、Ni、Cd和Pb的运输能力较强，木榄（Bruguiera gymnorrhiza）对Ni、Cu、Cd和Pb的运输能力较强，木果楝（Xylocarpus granatum）对Cr、Zn和Cd的运输能力较强，莲叶桐（Hernandia sonora）对Cr也有较强的运输能力。但此次所研究的红树植物对As元素的运输能力均很弱，建议适量引入适宜在研究区生长并且对As元素富集能力较强的植物。
對海南島北部潮間帶紅樹林濕地7種紅樹植物（根、莖、葉）及其根繫沉積物中重金屬元素含量進行瞭分析，結果錶明：研究區濕地沉積物中Ni、Cu、Zn、As和Cd的變異繫數大于0.50，沉積物中重金屬分佈很不穩定。其中Cr、Cu、Zn、As和Cd的含量均高于海南水繫沉積物揹景值，可能存在外源的輸入。僅有Pb的含量略低于海南水繫沉積物揹景值。總體來看，大部分植物顯示瞭對Cd元素的較彊的富集能力（BAC>1），瓶花木對重金屬元素的吸收能力總體上要比其他紅樹植物彊一些，木果楝對重金屬元素的吸收能力總體上最弱。其中，瓶花木（Scyphiphora hydrophyllacea）對Cr、Zn、As和Cd的吸收能力較彊，蓮葉桐（Hernandia sonora）對Cr和Ni的吸收能力較彊，角果木（Ceriops tagal）對Pb的富集能力較彊。角果木（Ceriops tagal）和桐花樹（Aegiceras corniculatum）對Cd和Pb的運輸能力較彊，瓶花木（Scyphiphora hydrophyllacea）對Cu、Zn和Cd的運輸能力較彊，尖瓣海蓮（Bruguiera sexangula）對Cr、Ni、Cd和Pb的運輸能力較彊，木欖（Bruguiera gymnorrhiza）對Ni、Cu、Cd和Pb的運輸能力較彊，木果楝（Xylocarpus granatum）對Cr、Zn和Cd的運輸能力較彊，蓮葉桐（Hernandia sonora）對Cr也有較彊的運輸能力。但此次所研究的紅樹植物對As元素的運輸能力均很弱，建議適量引入適宜在研究區生長併且對As元素富集能力較彊的植物。
대해남도북부조간대홍수림습지7충홍수식물（근、경、협）급기근계침적물중중금속원소함량진행료분석，결과표명：연구구습지침적물중Ni、Cu、Zn、As화Cd적변이계수대우0.50，침적물중중금속분포흔불은정。기중Cr、Cu、Zn、As화Cd적함량균고우해남수계침적물배경치，가능존재외원적수입。부유Pb적함량략저우해남수계침적물배경치。총체래간，대부분식물현시료대Cd원소적교강적부집능력（BAC>1），병화목대중금속원소적흡수능력총체상요비기타홍수식물강일사，목과련대중금속원소적흡수능력총체상최약。기중，병화목（Scyphiphora hydrophyllacea）대Cr、Zn、As화Cd적흡수능력교강，련협동（Hernandia sonora）대Cr화Ni적흡수능력교강，각과목（Ceriops tagal）대Pb적부집능력교강。각과목（Ceriops tagal）화동화수（Aegiceras corniculatum）대Cd화Pb적운수능력교강，병화목（Scyphiphora hydrophyllacea）대Cu、Zn화Cd적운수능력교강，첨판해련（Bruguiera sexangula）대Cr、Ni、Cd화Pb적운수능력교강，목람（Bruguiera gymnorrhiza）대Ni、Cu、Cd화Pb적운수능력교강，목과련（Xylocarpus granatum）대Cr、Zn화Cd적운수능력교강，련협동（Hernandia sonora）대Cr야유교강적운수능력。단차차소연구적홍수식물대As원소적운수능력균흔약，건의괄량인입괄의재연구구생장병차대As원소부집능력교강적식물。
To investigate the heavy metals pollution in seven types of mangrove plants as well as its sediment on northern Hainan Island, samples collected from mangrove plants and sediment were determined for the concentrations. By use of the Biological accumulating coefficient(BAC) and Biological transfer coefficient(BTC) methods, the main research results are as follows: Mean concentrations of Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd and Pb were 71.44, 33.63, 20.29, 63.87, 12.38, 0.09, 22.63 mg·kg-1 in this region, respectively, the the average contents of Cr, Ni and As are higher and has outside source. Overall, the contents of Cr and Zn are higher and Cd and Hg are lower in mangrove plants. Most mangrove plants a higher capability of accumulating Cd (BAC>1), Scyphiphora hydrophyllacea had a higher capability of accumulating Cr, Zn, As and Cd, Hernandia Sonora had a higher capability of accumulating Cr and NiCeriops tagal had a higher capability of accumulating Pb. Ceriops tagal and Aegiceras corniculatum had a higher capability of shifting Cd and Pb, Scyphiphora hydrophyllacea had a higher capability of shifting Cu, Zn and Cd,Bruguiera sexangula had a higher capability of shifting Cr, Ni, Cd and Pb, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza had a higher capability of shifting Ni, Cu, Cd and Pb, Xylocarpus granatum had a higher capability of shifting Cr, Zn and Cd, Hernandia Sonora had a higher capability of shifting Cr. But the mangrove plants in region had a lower capability of shifting As, so we shoud introducing the plants which has had a higher capability of shifting As.
