CAJ | 학술논문

凝固原理是揭示液固相变过程基本规律的学科领域。基于凝固原理的材料制备与成形加工技术即是凝固技术。凝固技术的应用包括铸件、铸锭的铸造，以及各种金属与非金属材料的熔体法晶体生长。在综合分析凝固技术应用背景的基础上，讨论了凝固原理和凝固技术的发展现状。归纳了不同材料加工技术所对应的凝固条件，指出不同加工工艺中凝固过程的差异仅在于对应的温度梯度和冷却速率的不同。进而从工程实践的角度分析了凝固技术研究的前沿方向，指出多组元合金凝固原理，近快速凝固原理与技术，以及多层次凝固分析及其跨尺度耦合是凝固原理与技术研究的发展前沿。最后，分别探讨了铸件、铸锭铸造以及熔体法晶体生长过程中的核心凝固问题与过程控制的原则。
응고원리시게시액고상변과정기본규률적학과영역。기우응고원리적재료제비여성형가공기술즉시응고기술。응고기술적응용포괄주건、주정적주조，이급각충금속여비금속재료적용체법정체생장。재종합분석응고기술응용배경적기출상，토론료응고원리화응고기술적발전현상。귀납료불동재료가공기술소대응적응고조건，지출불동가공공예중응고과정적차이부재우대응적온도제도화냉각속솔적불동。진이종공정실천적각도분석료응고기술연구적전연방향，지출다조원합금응고원리，근쾌속응고원리여기술，이급다층차응고분석급기과척도우합시응고원리여기술연구적발전전연。최후，분별탐토료주건、주정주조이급용체법정체생장과정중적핵심응고문제여과정공제적원칙。
The theories to describe the liquid to solid transformation behaviors are defined to be solidification principles . The materials processing technologies based on controlled liquid to solid transformation processing are solidification tech-nologies.This review paper summarized the applications, including shape casting, ingot casting and crystal growth.The progress of solidification researches of both principles and technologies were then analyzed .The solidification conditions corresponding to different applications were summarized .It was pointed out that the variant solidification technologies can be defined according to the difference of temperature gradient and cooling rates .Furthermore, from the point view of prac-tical applications, the research frontiers were discussed, which should be the solidification principles of multi-component alloys, near rapid solidification principles and technologies, and description of the solidification process in different scales and the correlation among different scales.Finally, the solidification problems related to the shape casting, ingot casting, and melt growth of single crystals, were discussed.