CAJ | 학술논문

为研究齐齐哈尔市潜水水化学成分尤其是硝酸盐氮等无机污染组分的时空演化规律，以区域地下水流场特征和不同时期潜水样品采集测试数据为基础，利用 PhreeQC水文地球化学模拟软件建立3组反应路径模型，通过饱和指数计算和质量平衡模拟方法进行水化学时空演化规律分析。模拟结果表明 PathA、C所处的河谷平原区相对 PathB所在的冲积平原区而言，在潜水水化学类型、矿物溶解沉淀性的时空变化幅度较大，水中常规组分及污染组分NH4+（N3-）、NO3-（N5+）、NO2-（N3+）参与反应的能力比较活跃，“三氮”污染更为严重；水岩环境中铝硅酸盐矿物和石英逐渐趋于溶解，碳酸盐矿物始终处于饱和状态。研究认为，溶滤作用、阳离子交换吸附作用、浓缩作用及人类活动，导致潜水中Ca2+、Mg2+、Cl-、SO42-、“三氮”等含量和组成上的时空变化，是引起水化学类型和水岩环境矿物组成发生改变的主要原因。
위연구제제합이시잠수수화학성분우기시초산염담등무궤오염조분적시공연화규률，이구역지하수류장특정화불동시기잠수양품채집측시수거위기출，이용 PhreeQC수문지구화학모의연건건립3조반응로경모형，통과포화지수계산화질량평형모의방법진행수화학시공연화규률분석。모의결과표명 PathA、C소처적하곡평원구상대 PathB소재적충적평원구이언，재잠수수화학류형、광물용해침정성적시공변화폭도교대，수중상규조분급오염조분NH4+（N3-）、NO3-（N5+）、NO2-（N3+）삼여반응적능력비교활약，“삼담”오염경위엄중；수암배경중려규산염광물화석영축점추우용해，탄산염광물시종처우포화상태。연구인위，용려작용、양리자교환흡부작용、농축작용급인류활동，도치잠수중Ca2+、Mg2+、Cl-、SO42-、“삼담”등함량화조성상적시공변화，시인기수화학류형화수암배경광물조성발생개변적주요원인。
The objective of this article is to study the evolution of the hydro-chemical constituents of phre-atic water in Qiqihar, especially the inorganic pollutants of nitrate nitrogen and others. The research was based on the characteristics of regional groundwater flow and the analysis data of phreatic water samples in different periods. Then, three reaction path models were established through PhreeQC hydrogeochemical sim-ulation software. At last, the law of temporal and spatial variation of hydrochemical constituents was ana-lyzed through the SI(saturation index) calculation and mass balance simulation. The simulation results show that, comparing with Path B in the alluvial plain, the types of phreatic water chemistry and mineral disso-lution-precipitation of Path A & C in the river valley plain change greatly, and the ability of conventional components and NH4+(N3-), NO3-(N5+), NO2-(N3+) to be participated in the reaction is more active, and the“three-nitrogen”pollution of phreatic water is more serious. The aluminum-silicate minerals and quartz in water-rock environment dissolve gradually, and carbonate minerals are always in a state of saturation. The main reason for leading the changes of the phreatic water chemistry types and mineral compositions is the variation of Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl-, SO42- ,“three-nitrogen”contents and compositions caused by the lixivia-tion,cation exchange adsorption,inspissation and human’s activities.