CAJ | 학술논문

目的：探讨儿童呼吸道感染流感嗜血杆菌的临床特征及对抗菌药物的耐药性，指导临床合理用药。方法对本院2012年儿科住院及门诊患者呼吸道标本分离到的50株流感嗜血杆菌进行回顾性调查分析。结果50株流感嗜血杆菌耐药率较高的药物为复方新诺明(56.0%)、氨苄西林(52.0%)及头孢噻吩(38.0%)，未发现β-内酰胺酶阴性耐氨苄西林的流感嗜血杆菌；敏感率较高的药物为利福平(98.0%)、阿奇霉素(98.0%)、氯霉素(96.0%)、头孢噻肟(96.0%)、阿莫西林/棒酸(94.0%)、氧氟沙星(92.0%)、四环素(90.0%)等。结论复方新诺明、氨苄西林及头孢噻吩对流感嗜血杆菌耐药率较高，不宜用于临床治疗，多重耐药现象应引起重视。临床治疗可优先考虑阿奇霉素、阿莫西林/棒酸、头孢噻肟。
목적：탐토인동호흡도감염류감기혈간균적림상특정급대항균약물적내약성，지도림상합리용약。방법대본원2012년인과주원급문진환자호흡도표본분리도적50주류감기혈간균진행회고성조사분석。결과50주류감기혈간균내약솔교고적약물위복방신낙명(56.0%)、안변서림(52.0%)급두포새분(38.0%)，미발현β-내선알매음성내안변서림적류감기혈간균；민감솔교고적약물위리복평(98.0%)、아기매소(98.0%)、록매소(96.0%)、두포새우(96.0%)、아막서림/봉산(94.0%)、양불사성(92.0%)、사배소(90.0%)등。결론복방신낙명、안변서림급두포새분대류감기혈간균내약솔교고，불의용우림상치료，다중내약현상응인기중시。림상치료가우선고필아기매소、아막서림/봉산、두포새우。
Objective To study the clinical feature and the antimicrobial resistance of Haemophilus influenzae (Hi) isolated from children respiratory tract in the pediatrics to guide the rational use of antimicrobial therapy in clinical practice. Methods A retrospective investigation was done in the 50 cases of infecting with Hi which were isolated from children respiratory tract in the Peadiatrics in 2012. Results The drug resistance of Hi against TMP-SMZ (56.0%), ampicil (52.0%) and cafalotin (38.0%) was high. We did not discover the Hi which wereβ-lactamase-nagative and ampicillin-resistance. While the drugs such as rifampicin (98.0%), azithromycin (98.0%), chemicetin (96.0%), cefotaxime (96.0%), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (94.0%), ofloxacin (92.0%) and tetracycline (90.0%) were more sensitive than other antimicrobials. Conclusion TMP-SMZ, ampicil and cafalotin are not suitable to be used in clinical treatment because of the high rate of drug resistance. And we should pay more attention to the phenomenon of multidrug resistant. Azithromycin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and cefotaxime can be used for the treatment of Hi infection.