CAJ | 학술논문

常温黑体作为红外光电探测系统的定标光源，其辐亮度的不确定度直接决定了被定标红外系统的探测精度。为了提高黑体的现场定标精度，采用标准辐亮度计开展了面型和腔型结构的三种黑体的辐射定标实验研究。标准辐亮度计溯源于国家计量院标准黑体，不确定度为0.22%。通过直接测量三种黑体的绝对辐亮度，获得了辐亮度温度，并进一步导出了发射率。结果表明，三种黑体的设置温度与其辐亮度温度存在0.6~2.6 K的差异，由此产生的绝对辐亮度的不确定度达1.4%~5.5%。基于标准辐亮度计的直接定标法避免了温度和发射率测量引入的不确定度，有利于实现黑体现场系统级定标和绝对辐亮度监测。
상온흑체작위홍외광전탐측계통적정표광원，기복량도적불학정도직접결정료피정표홍외계통적탐측정도。위료제고흑체적현장정표정도，채용표준복량도계개전료면형화강형결구적삼충흑체적복사정표실험연구。표준복량도계소원우국가계량원표준흑체，불학정도위0.22%。통과직접측량삼충흑체적절대복량도，획득료복량도온도，병진일보도출료발사솔。결과표명，삼충흑체적설치온도여기복량도온도존재0.6~2.6 K적차이，유차산생적절대복량도적불학정도체1.4%~5.5%。기우표준복량도계적직접정표법피면료온도화발사솔측량인입적불학정도，유리우실현흑체현장계통급정표화절대복량도감측。
Radiance uncertainties of common temperature blackbodies determine the detection accuracy of infrared optoelectronic dectetor systems. To improve the on-site calibration accuracy of blackbodies′radiance, a standard radiometer was used to calibrate three blackbodies, including one cavity blackbody and two surface blackbodies. The standard radiometer was traced to a standard blackbody hold by National Institute of Metrology of China and obtain a uncertainty of less than 0.22%. Brightness temperatures and effective emissivities were acquired by measuring three blackbodies′ radiance directly. The results show deviations of 0.6 K to 2.6 K between brightness temperatures and setting temperatures for all three blackbodies, which correspond to absolute radiance uncertainties from 1.4% to 5.5%. The direct calibration method based on standard radiometer avoids the uncertainties from measurements of temperature and emssivity, and can be used to realize on-site system-level calibrations of blackbodies and absolute radiance monitoring.