CAJ | 학술논문

用于跨声速气动测量的探针须从亚声速到超声速范围进行标定。变质量槽式喷管通过扩张段壁面上槽缝流出部分气流的自适应特性可在不同背压下得到不同出口马赫数，从而使标定气动探针的风洞实现马赫数从0到超声速的连续变化。为了研究采用湿蒸汽为工质的变质量槽式喷管的性能及优化其结构，采用三维犖-犛方程以及可实现犽-ε湍流模型对其进行了详细的数值仿真。结果表明收缩段型线、扩张段长度及壁槽尺寸等对喷管流场特性有重要影响，喷管进出口压比在一定范围内，槽式喷管有最优的收缩段型线、扩张段长度和开槽尺寸。根据数值仿真结果研制了马赫数从0到1．6连续可变的跨声速湿蒸汽风洞，对此风洞性能进行验证，表明该风洞在马赫数从零到超声速范围内可获得均匀、稳定的出口气流，满足跨声速湿蒸汽气动探针的标定要求。
용우과성속기동측량적탐침수종아성속도초성속범위진행표정。변질량조식분관통과확장단벽면상조봉류출부분기류적자괄응특성가재불동배압하득도불동출구마혁수，종이사표정기동탐침적풍동실현마혁수종0도초성속적련속변화。위료연구채용습증기위공질적변질량조식분관적성능급우화기결구，채용삼유락-리방정이급가실현아-ε단류모형대기진행료상세적수치방진。결과표명수축단형선、확장단장도급벽조척촌등대분관류장특성유중요영향，분관진출구압비재일정범위내，조식분관유최우적수축단형선、확장단장도화개조척촌。근거수치방진결과연제료마혁수종0도1．6련속가변적과성속습증기풍동，대차풍동성능진행험증，표명해풍동재마혁수종령도초성속범위내가획득균균、은정적출구기류，만족과성속습증기기동탐침적표정요구。
The probe used for transonic flow measurement should be calibrated in a wind tun-nel with Mach number from subsonic to transonic.The Mach number at the outlet of the slotted nozzle is changeable due to the self-adaptive effect of the nozzle in different backpressure.There-fore,the wind tunnel equipped with the slotted nozzle may be operated from subsonic to ultrason-ic for calibrating the transonic probe.For studying the performance of the slotted nozzle with wet steam as the working medium and optimizing its structure,detail numerical simulation is carried out by solving 3-D N-S equations and the realizablek-εturbulence model.The numerical results show that converging curve、divergent section length and slot size may affect flow field character-istic of the nozzle seriously.In a certain range of backpressure and inlet pressure ratio,there are optimal convergent curve,divergent length and slot size.According to the results of the numeri-cal simulation,a wind tunnel equipped with the slotted nozzle is developed.The Mach number of the tunnel with wet steam as the working medium may be continuously varied from zero to 1 .6 . The experimental results show that the flow at the outlet of the nozzle with such optimal struc-ture are uniform and stable in a wide range of Mach number from zero to supersonic.It is quali-fied to meet the requirements of transonic probe calibrating.