CAJ | 학술논문

通过对瓦里短枝和长富2号两个品种不同枝条类型叶片取样，测定分析了苹果树不同生育阶段叶片营养元素含量变化特征，为营养诊断采集标准叶样和指导施肥提供依据。结果表明，不同采样时期、不同枝类叶片营养元素含量差异很大，以新梢停止生长期的各类枝条叶片营养元素含量最为接近。在年周期中，叶片营养元素含量变异系数从小到大顺序为营养枝＜中枝＜长枝＜短枝＜叶丛枝。常量营养元素含量周年变化幅度小于微量元素，氮含量变幅最小，锰变幅最大。品种间除硼元素含量变化有差异外，其它营养元素含量变化趋势相近或相同。随树体生育进程，叶片营养元素含量变化规律为氮、磷、铜含量呈降低趋势；钾、锌、铁、硼含量呈波动状态；钙、镁含量至新梢停止生长期最高，且枝条长度越小，含量越高；锰含量变化近似“正态分布”。苹果新梢停止生长期是叶片养分最稳定时期，营养枝是叶最佳采样枝类。
통과대와리단지화장부2호량개품충불동지조류형협편취양，측정분석료평과수불동생육계단협편영양원소함량변화특정，위영양진단채집표준협양화지도시비제공의거。결과표명，불동채양시기、불동지류협편영양원소함량차이흔대，이신소정지생장기적각류지조협편영양원소함량최위접근。재년주기중，협편영양원소함량변이계수종소도대순서위영양지＜중지＜장지＜단지＜협총지。상량영양원소함량주년변화폭도소우미량원소，담함량변폭최소，맹변폭최대。품충간제붕원소함량변화유차이외，기타영양원소함량변화추세상근혹상동。수수체생육진정，협편영양원소함량변화규률위담、린、동함량정강저추세；갑、자、철、붕함량정파동상태；개、미함량지신소정지생장기최고，차지조장도월소，함량월고；맹함량변화근사“정태분포”。평과신소정지생장기시협편양분최은정시기，영양지시협최가채양지류。
Leaf samples were collected in the branches at different positions in different growth periods in two apple cultivars ( Wallee spur Del and Nagafu 2 ) , and the nutrient contents were analyzed to investigate the characteristic of nutrition annual variation and to provid a base for choosing proper leaf samples at right position and sensitive growth period for the fertilization recommendation .The results showed that the nutrient contents in the leaves from different sampling period and different branches varied heavily .In the year cycle ,the nutrient contents in the leaves from different branches are similar when the new shoots stop growing .The seasonal variation of the macronutrient contents is less than that of microelements .The least variation in nutrient content is in N and the largest in Mn . The annual variable coefficient of the nutrient contents in leaves is in order of vegetative shoot <middle length branch<long shoot <short branch and a cluster of leaf branch .Excepting boron , the annual change curves of nutrients in the two cultivars are similar .With development progress , the dynamics of nitrogen , phosphorus and copper contents exhibits decreasing trend , and that of potassium , zinc, iron and boron fluctuates .The highest calcium and magnesium contents appear at the growth stopping period of new shoots in the shorter branches .The nutrient contents in leaves are the most stable at the growth stopping period at young shoots , therefore , they can be used as the samples for nutrient diagnosis .The leaves of vegetative branches are the best sampling branches .