CAJ | 학술논문

以2年生烟富3/M26/平邑甜茶幼树为试材，研究了不同施氮水平对苹果矮化中间砧幼树当年及翌年15 N吸收、利用和分配的影响。结果表明，适量施氮肥利于幼树生长和氮肥利用率的提高，更利于翌年树体生长及氮肥利用率的提高。以不施氮肥（ N0）处理为对照，适量施氮肥（ N100）或过量施氮肥（ N200）条件下均通过促进根系生长进而促进地上部生长，且N100处理对地上部生长的促进作用较N200更为显著。氮肥施入至春梢旺长期和春梢停长期， N100处理对根系生长的促进作用显著，根冠比由高到低分别为N100＞N200＞N0，且春梢旺长期根系15 N分配率为N100（42.93％）＞N200（37.10％）＞N0（26.39％），春梢停长期各处理根系15N分配率由高到低仍为： N100（28.61％）＞N200（20.30％）＞N0（14.27％）。至秋梢旺长期，N100处理生长势显著高于N0，但各器官15 N分配率无显著差异；N100与N200处理树体生长势无显著差异，但N100处理地上部15 N分配（85.93％）显著高于N200处理（77.28％），根系15 N分配率（14.07％）显著低于N200处理（22.72％）。至翌年春梢旺长期，N100树体生物量迅速增高至N0的175.83％和N200的176.41％，根冠比和根系15 N分配率显著低于N0和N200。 N200处理始终保持较高的根冠比和根系15 N分配率但不利于地上部生长。冬季叶片脱落是苹果矮化中间砧幼树最大的氮流失途径，流失量为当年氮吸收量的44.56％51.25％。
이2년생연부3/M26/평읍첨다유수위시재，연구료불동시담수평대평과왜화중간침유수당년급익년15 N흡수、이용화분배적영향。결과표명，괄량시담비리우유수생장화담비이용솔적제고，경리우익년수체생장급담비이용솔적제고。이불시담비（ N0）처리위대조，괄량시담비（ N100）혹과량시담비（ N200）조건하균통과촉진근계생장진이촉진지상부생장，차N100처리대지상부생장적촉진작용교N200경위현저。담비시입지춘소왕장기화춘소정장기， N100처리대근계생장적촉진작용현저，근관비유고도저분별위N100＞N200＞N0，차춘소왕장기근계15 N분배솔위N100（42.93％）＞N200（37.10％）＞N0（26.39％），춘소정장기각처리근계15N분배솔유고도저잉위： N100（28.61％）＞N200（20.30％）＞N0（14.27％）。지추소왕장기，N100처리생장세현저고우N0，단각기관15 N분배솔무현저차이；N100여N200처리수체생장세무현저차이，단N100처리지상부15 N분배（85.93％）현저고우N200처리（77.28％），근계15 N분배솔（14.07％）현저저우N200처리（22.72％）。지익년춘소왕장기，N100수체생물량신속증고지N0적175.83％화N200적176.41％，근관비화근계15 N분배솔현저저우N0화N200。 N200처리시종보지교고적근관비화근계15 N분배솔단불리우지상부생장。동계협편탈락시평과왜화중간침유수최대적담류실도경，류실량위당년담흡수량적44.56％51.25％。
Experiments were designed to test the absorption , allocation, and utilization of urea-15 N by 2 years-old M.hupehensis Rehd ( YanFu/M26 ) under different N rates in the current year and next year .The results show that both the rational application rate of nitrogen fertilizer ( N100 ) and overuse rate ( N200 ) could promote the growth of trees and their 15 N utilization rate in the current and following year significantly .Nitrogen application could promote the development of roots , benefiting the growth of shoots as a results ..The N100 treatment has better promotion effect than the N 200 treatment on the shoot growth .The most obvious promotion of N fertilizer to the root growth happens during the period from fertilization to the vigorous growth of autumn shoots and the end of spring shoots growth stage , the obtained ratio of root to shoot is in order of N 100 >N200 >N0 ,and the allocation of 15 N in roots is in the same order with the value 42.93%, 37.10% and 26.39% at the vigorous growth stage of spring shoot , and 28.61%, 20.30%and 14.27%at the end stage of spring shoot growth stage , respectively .The growth vigor of N100 treatment is superior to the N 0 treatment till the stage of vigorous growth of autumn shoots , with no significant difference is found on 15 N distribution ratios of both .The aboveground 15 N distribution ratio of the N 100 treatment (85.93%) is significantly higher than N200 treatment (77.28%), while the root ratio (14.07%) is significantly lower than N200 treatment (22.72%).Compared with the N0 and N200 treatments, the biomass weight of the N100 treatment is increased by 75.83%and 76.41%respectively till the vigorous growth stage of spring shoots the next year, while the root to shoot ratio and root 15 N distribution ratio of N100 are significantly lower than the N 0 and N200 treatments.Even with a high root to shoot ratio and root 15 N distribution ratio, N200 treatment is not suitable for growth .The defoliation in winter is the main nitrogen loss of dwarfed interstock apple saplings , accounting for 44.56% 51.25%of total nitrogen uptake in current year .