CAJ | 학술논문

采用田间小区和试验示范研究了包膜尿素对番茄产量、品质和施肥经济效益的影响，包膜尿素20％的氮混入育苗基质，剩余80％在移栽时条施（总施氮量为常规施氮量的50％）。结果表明，包膜尿素接触施肥的番茄壮苗指数比常规育苗提高了47.9％；与普通尿素底施加3次追肥相比，施用包膜尿素的番茄产量较等氮量普通尿素（ N 180 kg/hm2）和常规施氮量（ N 360 kg/hm2）处理分别增加了5.1％和9.7％，氮肥利用率提高了9.010.2个百分点；相比普通尿素，包膜尿素改善了番茄品质，其中可溶性糖含量提高6.5％9.4％，Vc含量提高10％11.3％。与常规施氮相比，包膜尿素在氮肥投入略低的情况下（减少44 Yuan/hm2），番茄单位面积产值和净收益（扣除肥料投入）比常规施氮量增加了33.8％。施用包膜尿素的表层（0-20 cm）土壤硝态氮含量相对普通尿素起到了削峰填谷作用，降低了硝态氮的淋失风险。
채용전간소구화시험시범연구료포막뇨소대번가산량、품질화시비경제효익적영향，포막뇨소20％적담혼입육묘기질，잉여80％재이재시조시（총시담량위상규시담량적50％）。결과표명，포막뇨소접촉시비적번가장묘지수비상규육묘제고료47.9％；여보통뇨소저시가3차추비상비，시용포막뇨소적번가산량교등담량보통뇨소（ N 180 kg/hm2）화상규시담량（ N 360 kg/hm2）처리분별증가료5.1％화9.7％，담비이용솔제고료9.010.2개백분점；상비보통뇨소，포막뇨소개선료번가품질，기중가용성당함량제고6.5％9.4％，Vc함량제고10％11.3％。여상규시담상비，포막뇨소재담비투입략저적정황하（감소44 Yuan/hm2），번가단위면적산치화정수익（구제비료투입）비상규시담량증가료33.8％。시용포막뇨소적표층（0-20 cm）토양초태담함량상대보통뇨소기도료삭봉전곡작용，강저료초태담적림실풍험。
Field and demonstration experiments were combined to study effects of coated urea on yield , quality and economic returns of tomato .20%of coated urea was mixed with seedling substrate and the other 80%was banded preplant application ( the N application rate of coated urea was 50% of conventional N rate ) .The results showed that the seedling strength index of coated urea with contact application was 47.9% higher than that of the conventional seedling .Compared to the urea with basal application and 3 topdressings , the tomato yield with coated urea increased by 9.7%and 5.1%, respectively, and the nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) increased by 9.0-10.2 percentage point .Tomato quality with coated urea was improved compared to the urea , in which the soluble sugar content increased by 6.5%-9.4% and Vitamin C content increased by 10% -11.3%.Economic returns of tomato with the coated urea increased by 33.8%compared to the conventional N application , though N input of the former was reduced by RMB 44 yuan per hectare .Nitrate dynamics of surface soil layer (0-20 cm) with the coated urea cut a peak to fill valley in comparison to regular urea , consequently the risk of nitrate leaching was dramatically reduced .