岩石力学与工程学报
巖石力學與工程學報
암석역학여공정학보
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ROCK MECHANICS AND ENGINEERING
2014年
5期
957-963
,共7页
肖维民%邓荣贵%付小敏%王从颜
肖維民%鄧榮貴%付小敏%王從顏
초유민%산영귀%부소민%왕종안
岩石力学%柱状节理岩体%各向异性%单轴压缩试验
巖石力學%柱狀節理巖體%各嚮異性%單軸壓縮試驗
암석역학%주상절리암체%각향이성%단축압축시험
rock mechanics%columnar jointed specimen%anisotropy%uniaxial compression test
柱状节理岩体作为一种典型的结构岩体，由于柱状节理构造的存在，其变形和强度表现出显著的各向异性特性。为研究柱状节理岩体的力学各向异性，采用模型试验方法，以石膏、水泥和水的混合物为模型材料，制作具有不同柱体倾角(β=0°～90°)的圆柱形柱状节理岩体试件，通过单轴压缩试验得到柱状节理岩体在不同柱体倾角β下的变形模量和单轴抗压强度。在此基础上绘制出变形和强度随柱体倾角变化的各向异性曲线，分析柱状节理岩体变形和强度的各向异性特性：柱状节理岩体变形和强度各向异性曲线都呈现近似“U”型，单轴抗压强度在β=30°时取得最小值，在β=90°时取得最大值，强度各向异性比达到1.5，表现出较显著的各向异性；变形模量在β=30°～60°范围内取得较小值，侧向应变比大于0.5。同时，根据试验结果，总结柱状节理岩体在单轴压缩应力条件下的4种典型破坏模式，并对其破坏机制进行分析。
柱狀節理巖體作為一種典型的結構巖體，由于柱狀節理構造的存在，其變形和彊度錶現齣顯著的各嚮異性特性。為研究柱狀節理巖體的力學各嚮異性，採用模型試驗方法，以石膏、水泥和水的混閤物為模型材料，製作具有不同柱體傾角(β=0°～90°)的圓柱形柱狀節理巖體試件，通過單軸壓縮試驗得到柱狀節理巖體在不同柱體傾角β下的變形模量和單軸抗壓彊度。在此基礎上繪製齣變形和彊度隨柱體傾角變化的各嚮異性麯線，分析柱狀節理巖體變形和彊度的各嚮異性特性：柱狀節理巖體變形和彊度各嚮異性麯線都呈現近似“U”型，單軸抗壓彊度在β=30°時取得最小值，在β=90°時取得最大值，彊度各嚮異性比達到1.5，錶現齣較顯著的各嚮異性；變形模量在β=30°～60°範圍內取得較小值，側嚮應變比大于0.5。同時，根據試驗結果，總結柱狀節理巖體在單軸壓縮應力條件下的4種典型破壞模式，併對其破壞機製進行分析。
주상절리암체작위일충전형적결구암체，유우주상절리구조적존재，기변형화강도표현출현저적각향이성특성。위연구주상절리암체적역학각향이성，채용모형시험방법，이석고、수니화수적혼합물위모형재료，제작구유불동주체경각(β=0°～90°)적원주형주상절리암체시건，통과단축압축시험득도주상절리암체재불동주체경각β하적변형모량화단축항압강도。재차기출상회제출변형화강도수주체경각변화적각향이성곡선，분석주상절리암체변형화강도적각향이성특성：주상절리암체변형화강도각향이성곡선도정현근사“U”형，단축항압강도재β=30°시취득최소치，재β=90°시취득최대치，강도각향이성비체도1.5，표현출교현저적각향이성；변형모량재β=30°～60°범위내취득교소치，측향응변비대우0.5。동시，근거시험결과，총결주상절리암체재단축압축응력조건하적4충전형파배모식，병대기파배궤제진행분석。
The columnar jointed rock mass is a typical structural rock mass. Due to the columnar joints,the deformation and the strength of columnar jointed rock mass exhibit remarkable anisotropy. In order to investigate the mechanical anisotropy of columnar jointed rock mass,the mixtures of plaster,cement and water were used to make cylindrical columnar jointed specimens with different dip angles ranging from 0°to 90° for uniaxial compression tests. The deformation modulus and uniaxial compression strength of the columnar jointed specimens with different dip angles were obtained. The anisotropy curves of deformation and strength with different dip anglesβwere plotted and the anisotropic characteristics of deformation and strength were analyzed. The shape of the anisotropy curves of deformation and strength resembles the letter“U”. Both the deformation modulus and uniaxial compression strength have the minimum value atβ=30°,and reach the maximum value atβ=90°. The anisotropy ratio of the strength is as high as 1.5,which indicates a high anisotropy. The deformation modulus of columnar jointed rock mass reaches the minimum value whenβis between 30°and 60°,and the corresponding lateral strain ratio become greater than 0.5. Furthermore,the columnar jointed specimen have four types of failure modes under uniaxial compression and the failure mechanisms were discussed.
