CAJ | 학술논문

浮游动物是海洋生态系统物质和能量转移的关键环节,也是渔业资源的重要饵料,其种类组成和数量分布均有明显的垂直分层现象。利用2011年4月在南沙群岛西南大陆斜坡海域开展的18个站点90份样品的调查数据,对该海域浮游动物的垂直分布进行了研究,表明：(1)该海域浮游动物种类组成丰富,共出现18个类群580种(类)；(2)浮游动物种类组成垂直变化明显,特定水层出现的种类数占总种数的43.6%,各水层均出现的种类仅占总种数的15.8%；(3)优势种组成复杂,垂直变化明显,单一种类的优势度不高；(4)浮游动物平均密度和湿重生物量分别为206.27 ind/m3、94.03 mg/m3,密度和生物量均以0~2 m层和30~75 m层较高,沿水深梯度的变化呈明显的双峰型；(5)浮游动物数量的垂直变化主要受温跃层影响,温跃层内浮游动物数量最高,温跃层上方和下方的水层内数量较低；(6)南沙西南大陆斜坡区浮游动物生产力水平较高,表明该海域渔业资源有一定的开发潜力。
부유동물시해양생태계통물질화능량전이적관건배절,야시어업자원적중요이료,기충류조성화수량분포균유명현적수직분층현상。이용2011년4월재남사군도서남대륙사파해역개전적18개참점90빈양품적조사수거,대해해역부유동물적수직분포진행료연구,표명：(1)해해역부유동물충류조성봉부,공출현18개류군580충(류)；(2)부유동물충류조성수직변화명현,특정수층출현적충류수점총충수적43.6%,각수층균출현적충류부점총충수적15.8%；(3)우세충조성복잡,수직변화명현,단일충류적우세도불고；(4)부유동물평균밀도화습중생물량분별위206.27 ind/m3、94.03 mg/m3,밀도화생물량균이0~2 m층화30~75 m층교고,연수심제도적변화정명현적쌍봉형；(5)부유동물수량적수직변화주요수온약층영향,온약층내부유동물수량최고,온약층상방화하방적수층내수량교저；(6)남사서남대륙사파구부유동물생산력수평교고,표명해해역어업자원유일정적개발잠력。
As dietary organisms of fish stocks,zooplankton is a key link of mass and energy transformation in the marine ecosystem.There are vertical changes in the species compositions and abundances of zooplankton in the wa-ter column.Based on 90 samples from 18 stations collected in April 2011,the vertical distribution of zooplankton in the continental slope to the southwest of Nansha Islands,South China Sea was studied.It was found that the continental slope waters are rich in zooplankton species,with a total number of 580 species belonging to 18 taxa being recorded.There are obvious vertical variations in the zooplankton species compositions.The numbers of zoo-plankton species occurring in a specific deep group could take up 43.6% of the total number of species,while the number of species occurring in all deep groups made up only 1 5.8% of the total number of species.There was no obvious dominant species and the dominancy of any single species was low.The overall mean density and wet bio-mass of zooplankton were 206.27 ind/m3 and 94.03 mg/m3 respectively.The higher density and biomass were found in the deep groups of 0-2 m and 30-75 m and the vertical distribution showed a pattern of double-humped curve.Thermocline was an important factor in the vertical distribution of zooplankton.The abundances of zoo-plankton in the thermocline layer were higher than those in the upper mixed layer and the water layers bellow the thermocline.Compared to the other regions in the South China Sea,zooplankton abundances were the highest in the continental slope southwest off Nansha Islands,suggesting potentials for fishery development in the region.