CAJ | 학술논문

为了进一步认识喀斯特山区土壤侵蚀特征及准确估算土壤侵蚀量，通过对野外调查结果、已有研究成果的综合评判，选取坡度、雨强、植被覆盖度及裸岩率为主要土壤侵蚀因子，选取该区域广布的黄壤作为试验土样，采用针管式人工降雨模拟装置，模拟不同坡度条件下雨强、植被覆盖度、裸岩率与土壤侵蚀量之间的相关性，并对试验数据进行多元线性回归、逐步回归和多元非线性回归分析，建立不同坡度条件下土壤侵蚀模数的多因子方程筛选出不同坡度下复相关系数较高的回归模型，对模型精度进行了分析。结果表明：①非线性回归模型达到极显著或非常显著水平0．692<R2<0．988线性回归模型达到显著水平0．523<R2<0．634。②当坡度为6°、16°、26°、36°时，侵蚀模数的影响程度随着坡度的增大先减小后增大侵蚀因子对侵蚀模数的影响程度为雨强、植被覆盖度、裸岩率。③模型具有较好的预报精度，对缓坡、陡坡侵蚀产沙预测较准。研究初步揭示了喀斯特地区侵蚀模数与侵蚀因子的相关关系。
위료진일보인식객사특산구토양침식특정급준학고산토양침식량，통과대야외조사결과、이유연구성과적종합평판，선취파도、우강、식피복개도급라암솔위주요토양침식인자，선취해구역엄포적황양작위시험토양，채용침관식인공강우모의장치，모의불동파도조건하우강、식피복개도、라암솔여토양침식량지간적상관성，병대시험수거진행다원선성회귀、축보회귀화다원비선성회귀분석，건립불동파도조건하토양침식모수적다인자방정사선출불동파도하복상관계수교고적회귀모형，대모형정도진행료분석。결과표명：①비선성회귀모형체도겁현저혹비상현저수평0．692<R2<0．988선성회귀모형체도현저수평0．523<R2<0．634。②당파도위6°、16°、26°、36°시，침식모수적영향정도수착파도적증대선감소후증대침식인자대침식모수적영향정도위우강、식피복개도、라암솔。③모형구유교호적예보정도，대완파、두파침식산사예측교준。연구초보게시료객사특지구침식모수여침식인자적상관관계。
The aim was to further research soil erosion characteristics and accurately predict soil erosion amount in karst areas. Based on field surveys and research achievements available, yel ow soils, which are widely distributed, were chosen as test soil samples and slope, rain intensity, vegetation coverage and bare-rock ratio were taken as soil erosion factors. Artificial rain simulation instruments (needle-type) were made use of to simulate correlation of rain intensity, vegetation coverage, and bare-rock ratio with soil erosion quantity. Furthermore, multiple-factor linear regression analysis, stepwise regression analysis and multiple-factor non-linear regression analy-sis were made to establish a multiple-factor formula of soil erosion modulus with dif-ferent slopes and select regression models with high correlation coefficients. The re-sults show that a non-linear regression model reached extremely significant level or significant level (0.692<R2<0.988) and linear regression model achieved significant lev-el (0.523<R2<0.634). The effects of erosion modulus changed from decreasing to in-creasing and the erosion factors from high to low were rain intensity, vegetation cov-erage and bare-rock ratio when slope gradient was at 6°, 16°, 26° and 36°. The mod-el is of high accuracy for predicting gentle slope and abtupt slope, which reveals correlation of erosion modulus with erosion factors in karst areas.