CAJ | 학술논문

[目的]研究带籽紫云英作为绿肥对稻田土壤性质的影响，为推进绿肥生产和农田可持续利用提供依据。[方法]开展3年田间定位实验，第1年设置4个不同紫云英翻压量（2.81，5.61，8.42，11.23 t/hm2）处理，无紫云英翻压作对照处理，后两年均延续上一年实验结果，每年水稻移栽前将各个小区田面自然长出的带籽紫云英测产后直接翻耕；测定水稻产量及稻田土壤养分、生物学性质以及水稳性团聚体等指标。[结果]紫云英带籽翻耕的绿肥处理可使水稻有效穗及产量显著增加，并增加土壤中的有机酸，同时土壤磷酸酶、蔗糖酶和过氧化氢酶等活性均明显提高；土壤水溶性有机酸随绿肥施用量增加而升高，但过多绿肥使用量会抑制土壤微生物量碳；土壤由大团聚体和微团聚体向中微团聚体富集。[结论]带籽紫云英作为绿肥施用能起到改善土壤理化性质和生物学性质，稳步提高土壤肥力，显著增加水稻产量的作用，水稻移栽前翻压量以不超过8.42 t/hm2（干重）为宜。
[목적]연구대자자운영작위록비대도전토양성질적영향，위추진록비생산화농전가지속이용제공의거。[방법]개전3년전간정위실험，제1년설치4개불동자운영번압량（2.81，5.61，8.42，11.23 t/hm2）처리，무자운영번압작대조처리，후량년균연속상일년실험결과，매년수도이재전장각개소구전면자연장출적대자자운영측산후직접번경；측정수도산량급도전토양양분、생물학성질이급수은성단취체등지표。[결과]자운영대자번경적록비처리가사수도유효수급산량현저증가，병증가토양중적유궤산，동시토양린산매、자당매화과양화경매등활성균명현제고；토양수용성유궤산수록비시용량증가이승고，단과다록비사용량회억제토양미생물량탄；토양유대단취체화미단취체향중미단취체부집。[결론]대자자운영작위록비시용능기도개선토양이화성질화생물학성질，은보제고토양비력，현저증가수도산량적작용，수도이재전번압량이불초과8.42 t/hm2（간중）위의。
[Objective] The effects of ploughing Astragalus sinicus at maturity stage as green manure on paddy soil properties were studied to provide references for ad-vancing the green manure production and field sustainable development. [Methods] A three-year field positioning experiment was carried out. In the first year, five differ-ent levels (0, 2.81, 5.61, 8.42, 11.23 t/hm2) of Astragalus sinicus ploughed at matu-rity stage were designed. And in the next two years, the amounts of ploughed As-tragalus sinicus at maturity stage were based on the natural growth amounts of As-tragalus sinicus at maturity stage of the former year in each plot field. The yields of Astragalus sinicus at maturity stage were estimated and ploughed directly before rice transplanting. Rice yield, soil nutrients, biological properties and water-stable aggre-gates of paddy fields were measured as wel . [Results] The effective panicles and rice yields increased significantly after ploughing Astragalus sinicus at maturity stage. Meanwhile, the organic acid content in paddy field increased and the activities of soil phosphatases, invertase and catalase were higher. The soil dissolved organic carbon also increased with the increasing application of green manure. However, excess amount of green manure inhibited the soil microbial biomass carbon content. The macro aggregates and micro aggregates gathered to middle aggregates. [Conclusion] As green manure, the use of Astragalus sinicus at maturity stage could improve soil physiochemical and biological properties, improve soil fertility and increase rice yield significantly. But the ploughing amount of Astragalus sinicus at maturity stage before rice transplanting should be less than 8.42 t/hm2 (dry weight.