CAJ | 학술논문

艾塞亚?伯林的《两种自由的概念》是近代自由主义的经典之作，并一再被人征引。无论是经验主义者还是理性主义者都自觉或不自觉地从持有的一元论域境中突破出来，并对二者由此引伸出来的对“积极自由”的热情、执着追求可能或已经在实践带来的危险做出了学理的解析，进而积极赞扬一种不同于“积极自由”的、多元价值域境下的“消极自由”。但在伯林对于“消极自由”的推崇，并没有向人们表明自由--无论是消极的，还是积极的--到底通过什么方式、在什么社会制度下可以达到或者通过什么样的原则、体系设计可以实现。“消极自由”对于“积极自由”的设限本身也就成为一种虚幻的影像，伯林更多的是提出了问题还不是解决了问题。
애새아?백림적《량충자유적개념》시근대자유주의적경전지작，병일재피인정인。무론시경험주의자환시이성주의자도자각혹불자각지종지유적일원론역경중돌파출래，병대이자유차인신출래적대“적겁자유”적열정、집착추구가능혹이경재실천대래적위험주출료학리적해석，진이적겁찬양일충불동우“적겁자유”적、다원개치역경하적“소겁자유”。단재백림대우“소겁자유”적추숭，병몰유향인문표명자유--무론시소겁적，환시적겁적--도저통과십요방식、재십요사회제도하가이체도혹자통과십요양적원칙、체계설계가이실현。“소겁자유”대우“적겁자유”적설한본신야취성위일충허환적영상，백림경다적시제출료문제환불시해결료문제。
Isaiah Berlin’s “Two Concepts of Liberty” is a classic of modern liberalism, and his concept of freedom broke out from either empiricists or rationalists who are consciously or unconsciously holding monism. Berlin inferred that enthusiasm and the pursuit of“positive freedom” may have been brought dangers in practice. He actively praised a“negative freedom”, which is unlike“positive freedom”, under the multi-value background. The value of Berlin’s“negative freedom”, however, doesn’t show that liberty could be achieved by what principles or systems in some way, in some social systems. The restriction of “negative freedom” to “positive freedom” itself has become an illusory image. Thus, the work of Berlin had raised issues, instead of having resolved the problem.