CAJ | 학술논문

如果撇开商品经济社会这一特定空间或视域，“拜物教”有着更为宽泛的内涵。它作为“拜神教”的对称是指神灵观念明确产生之前，原始人把某些特定物体当作具有意志的物体而加以崇拜的宗教。拜物教也用来比喻对某种事物或东西的迷恋、崇拜、追逐等。马克思的拜物教范畴既有拜物教的宽泛内涵，又有特定关联域或语境下比喻意义上的内涵。马克思认为，人们在社会协作、分工关系中生产出的产品或物，却变成了独立于这一社会关系之外的异己存在。对这一异化存在的迷恋、崇拜和追逐就是典型的拜物教。它从商品拜物教经货币拜物教发展到资本拜物教。基于马克思的拜物教批判理论，提炼出拜物教在一个社会中是否存在的三个标准（称为“拜物教判明法”）：第一，实行商品经济；第二，经济上存在着剥削；第三，不代表广大人民利益的阶级垄断了行政权力且拥有对社会财富进行分配的权力，并实际占有财富。
여과별개상품경제사회저일특정공간혹시역，“배물교”유착경위관범적내함。타작위“배신교”적대칭시지신령관념명학산생지전，원시인파모사특정물체당작구유의지적물체이가이숭배적종교。배물교야용래비유대모충사물혹동서적미련、숭배、추축등。마극사적배물교범주기유배물교적관범내함，우유특정관련역혹어경하비유의의상적내함。마극사인위，인문재사회협작、분공관계중생산출적산품혹물，각변성료독립우저일사회관계지외적이기존재。대저일이화존재적미련、숭배화추축취시전형적배물교。타종상품배물교경화폐배물교발전도자본배물교。기우마극사적배물교비판이론，제련출배물교재일개사회중시부존재적삼개표준（칭위“배물교판명법”）：제일，실행상품경제；제이，경제상존재착박삭；제삼，불대표엄대인민이익적계급롱단료행정권력차옹유대사회재부진행분배적권력，병실제점유재부。
If you put aside commodity economy,"fetishism"could have a broader meaning. Fetishism referred to the religion that the primitive man worships certain objects before the concept of god was clear. Now,fetishism is also used as a metaphor for the worship of something. There is not only broad meaning,but also a specific domain or context associated metaphorical connotations in Marx's fetishism. Marx believed that the product,established in the social collaboration and division of labor relations,became independent of the social relations existed outside of alienation. The fascination,worship and chase of this alienation exist was a typical fetishism, which developed from commodity fetishism to money fetishism and last to capital fetishism. Based on Marx's theory of fetishism, concluding 3 criteria to judge whether the fetishism exists in a society (known as the"Fetishism Ascertain Law"):first,implementation of commodity economy;second,the economic exploitation;third,a class,who does not represent the interests of majority people and have a monopoly on executive power,social wealth.