CAJ | 학술논문

20世纪，美国采取学校合并和建立学校交通制度等一系列配套措施对农村学校布局进行了持续的调整。其渐进的政策推行以及各项政策间的相互补充、配合，是实现农村教育资源有效整合的关键。我国农村学校布局调整政策在实施过程中存在盲目撤点并校、过度关注寄宿制学校而忽视公共校车制度建设、配套设施偏离“就近入学”原则等问题。合理借鉴美国农村学校布局调整的策略和经验，有效利用小规模学校，以寄宿制学校与校车“两条腿走路”，是现阶段实现我国农村教育资源整合的合理逻辑。
20세기，미국채취학교합병화건립학교교통제도등일계렬배투조시대농촌학교포국진행료지속적조정。기점진적정책추행이급각항정책간적상호보충、배합，시실현농촌교육자원유효정합적관건。아국농촌학교포국조정정책재실시과정중존재맹목철점병교、과도관주기숙제학교이홀시공공교차제도건설、배투설시편리“취근입학”원칙등문제。합리차감미국농촌학교포국조정적책략화경험，유효이용소규모학교，이기숙제학교여교차“량조퇴주로”，시현계단실현아국농촌교육자원정합적합리라집。
In the 20th century, the United States kept rural schools layout adjustment ongoing with school consolidation, the establishment of the school transport system and a series of supporting measures. The gradual implementation, complement each other, and cooperation between policies, are keys to the effective integration of educational resources in rural areas. In the implementation process of China's layout adjustment policies of rural schools existed problems:closing and merging blindly, paying too much attention to boarding schools and neglecting of the public school bus, deviating from the “nearest school” principles. To Learn from the strategy and experience in the US and effective to use of small schools, to make boarding schools and school bus as “two legs for working”, are reasonable logic to achieve China's rural education resources integration.