中国水产科学
中國水產科學
중국수산과학
Journal of Fishery Sciences of China
2013年
6期
1157-1165
,共9页
王好锋%刘萍%高保全%潘鲁青
王好鋒%劉萍%高保全%潘魯青
왕호봉%류평%고보전%반로청
三疣梭子蟹%近交衰退%生长%存活%经济性状
三疣梭子蟹%近交衰退%生長%存活%經濟性狀
삼우사자해%근교쇠퇴%생장%존활%경제성상
Portunus trituberculatus%inbreeding depression%growth%survival%economic character
本实验通过定向交尾技术构建了三疣梭子蟹(Portunus trituberculatus)全同胞交近交家系。在生长季节,通过对相关形态学指标的测定,对F1-F6家系的生长、存活以及与存活相关的产量进行评估,用单因素方差分析进行统计学分析。实验结果表明,相比于 F1家系,近交系数每增加10%,就会引起全甲宽-2.4%~-5.1%的衰退,体质量-0.8%~-3.5%的衰退,存活-34.4%~-69.9%的衰退,与存活相关的产量-14.1%~-35.4%的衰退,可以发现全甲宽和个体平均体质量的衰退程度较低,存活以及与存活相关的产量的衰退程度较高。近交系数为37.5%的 F3无论在生长、存活还是产量上都没有出现近交衰退,但150日龄时各个指标的差异系数明显较 F1、F2大,表明其整齐度比F1、F2差; F2、F4、F5和 F6相比于 F1在生长、存活和与存活相关的产量上都出现了不同程度的近交衰退,差异显著(P<0.05);在150日龄收获时,分析各代家系的整齐度发现, F6的变异系数最大,整齐度最差,但与其他各代的差异并不显著(P>0.05)。6代家系近交衰退的一致性表明近交确实降低了三疣梭子蟹的生长、存活和产量,尽管一些衰退的差异性并不显著。在实际的养殖生产中,应当尽量避免近交的发生,近交应当在动物育种工作需要时才使用,只适宜在培育新品种、建立新品系、种群提纯与保纯的过程中采用,在无目的或目的性不明确的情况下应避免近交。本研究通过观察连续近交的三疣梭子蟹在生长、存活及相关的产量方面的变化,旨在为三疣梭子蟹选择育种的研究与生产提供数据支持。
本實驗通過定嚮交尾技術構建瞭三疣梭子蟹(Portunus trituberculatus)全同胞交近交傢繫。在生長季節,通過對相關形態學指標的測定,對F1-F6傢繫的生長、存活以及與存活相關的產量進行評估,用單因素方差分析進行統計學分析。實驗結果錶明,相比于 F1傢繫,近交繫數每增加10%,就會引起全甲寬-2.4%~-5.1%的衰退,體質量-0.8%~-3.5%的衰退,存活-34.4%~-69.9%的衰退,與存活相關的產量-14.1%~-35.4%的衰退,可以髮現全甲寬和箇體平均體質量的衰退程度較低,存活以及與存活相關的產量的衰退程度較高。近交繫數為37.5%的 F3無論在生長、存活還是產量上都沒有齣現近交衰退,但150日齡時各箇指標的差異繫數明顯較 F1、F2大,錶明其整齊度比F1、F2差; F2、F4、F5和 F6相比于 F1在生長、存活和與存活相關的產量上都齣現瞭不同程度的近交衰退,差異顯著(P<0.05);在150日齡收穫時,分析各代傢繫的整齊度髮現, F6的變異繫數最大,整齊度最差,但與其他各代的差異併不顯著(P>0.05)。6代傢繫近交衰退的一緻性錶明近交確實降低瞭三疣梭子蟹的生長、存活和產量,儘管一些衰退的差異性併不顯著。在實際的養殖生產中,應噹儘量避免近交的髮生,近交應噹在動物育種工作需要時纔使用,隻適宜在培育新品種、建立新品繫、種群提純與保純的過程中採用,在無目的或目的性不明確的情況下應避免近交。本研究通過觀察連續近交的三疣梭子蟹在生長、存活及相關的產量方麵的變化,旨在為三疣梭子蟹選擇育種的研究與生產提供數據支持。
본실험통과정향교미기술구건료삼우사자해(Portunus trituberculatus)전동포교근교가계。재생장계절,통과대상관형태학지표적측정,대F1-F6가계적생장、존활이급여존활상관적산량진행평고,용단인소방차분석진행통계학분석。실험결과표명,상비우 F1가계,근교계수매증가10%,취회인기전갑관-2.4%~-5.1%적쇠퇴,체질량-0.8%~-3.5%적쇠퇴,존활-34.4%~-69.9%적쇠퇴,여존활상관적산량-14.1%~-35.4%적쇠퇴,가이발현전갑관화개체평균체질량적쇠퇴정도교저,존활이급여존활상관적산량적쇠퇴정도교고。근교계수위37.5%적 F3무론재생장、존활환시산량상도몰유출현근교쇠퇴,단150일령시각개지표적차이계수명현교 F1、F2대,표명기정제도비F1、F2차; F2、F4、F5화 F6상비우 F1재생장、존활화여존활상관적산량상도출현료불동정도적근교쇠퇴,차이현저(P<0.05);재150일령수획시,분석각대가계적정제도발현, F6적변이계수최대,정제도최차,단여기타각대적차이병불현저(P>0.05)。6대가계근교쇠퇴적일치성표명근교학실강저료삼우사자해적생장、존활화산량,진관일사쇠퇴적차이성병불현저。재실제적양식생산중,응당진량피면근교적발생,근교응당재동물육충공작수요시재사용,지괄의재배육신품충、건립신품계、충군제순여보순적과정중채용,재무목적혹목적성불명학적정황하응피면근교。본연구통과관찰련속근교적삼우사자해재생장、존활급상관적산량방면적변화,지재위삼우사자해선택육충적연구여생산제공수거지지。
We quantified the effects of inbreeding on growth, survival and the yield which related to survival of domesticated Portunus trituberculatus for the inclusion in selective breeding programs of the future. To make this assessment, we systematically bred six inbreeding generations with known parentage. During the production sea-son, we assessed the growth, survival and yield, with One-Way ANOVA statistical analysis. The experimental results show that, compared with the F1 inbreeding generation by every per 10%inbreeding coefficient increasing, the estimated inbreeding depression coefficient was-2.4%--5.1%in overall carapace width,-0.8%--3.5%in body weight, -34.4%- -69.9% in overall survival and -14.1%- -35.4% in the yield which related to survival. And compared with the F1 inbreeding generation, the F3 did not appear inbreeding depression phenomenon, no matter in growth, survival and the yield which related to survival, and F2, F4, F5 and F6 all appeared different de-gree of inbreeding depression compared with F1 in growth, survival and the yield which related to survival, and had a high and significant effect between six inbreeding generations (P<0.05). At the harvest time, we analyzed uniformity and found that the variation coefficient of F6 inbreeding generation is the largest in six inbreeding gen-erations, means the uniformity of F6 inbreeding generation is the worst in six inbreeding generations, but the dif-ference with other each generation is not significant (P>0.05). The consistency in direction of the inbreeding de-pression coefficients for six generations lends to support to the hypothesis that inbreeding reduces growth, survival and the yield which related to survival, even though the coefficients were not statistically significant due to high variability among animals. These results suggest that inbreeding should be avoided in crab breeding programs.