CAJ | 학술논문

目的：探讨精神活性物质（毒品）所致精神病性障碍转归状况及其影响因素。方法对374例精神活性物质所致精神病性障碍患者进行随访。结果72．5％患者完成了随访，随访期间复吸率达88．9％，随访前6个月内仍有吸毒行为者占17．0％；69．0％患者随访期内接受过住院治疗。患者首次入院后精神病性症状1个月内完全缓解者占62．9％（症状短暂型），6个月内精神病性症状逐渐缓解者占28．2％（症状持久型），＞6个月仍残留部分幻觉、妄想等精神病性症状者占8．9％（症状残留型）；症状残留型组吸毒年限、精神病家族史阳性率、多次住院率、随访时存在精神病性症状率均显著高于症状短暂型组及症状持久型组（P＜0．01），初次吸毒年龄显著小于症状短暂型组及症状持久型组（P＜0．01）；多种物质滥用率显著高于症状短暂型（P＜0．05）。结论多数精神活性物质所致精神病性障碍患者预后较好，但部分患者预后不良，脱离毒品后可能仍然长期残留精神病性症状。
목적：탐토정신활성물질（독품）소치정신병성장애전귀상황급기영향인소。방법대374례정신활성물질소치정신병성장애환자진행수방。결과72．5％환자완성료수방，수방기간복흡솔체88．9％，수방전6개월내잉유흡독행위자점17．0％；69．0％환자수방기내접수과주원치료。환자수차입원후정신병성증상1개월내완전완해자점62．9％（증상단잠형），6개월내정신병성증상축점완해자점28．2％（증상지구형），＞6개월잉잔류부분환각、망상등정신병성증상자점8．9％（증상잔류형）；증상잔류형조흡독년한、정신병가족사양성솔、다차주원솔、수방시존재정신병성증상솔균현저고우증상단잠형조급증상지구형조（P＜0．01），초차흡독년령현저소우증상단잠형조급증상지구형조（P＜0．01）；다충물질람용솔현저고우증상단잠형（P＜0．05）。결론다수정신활성물질소치정신병성장애환자예후교호，단부분환자예후불량，탈리독품후가능잉연장기잔류정신병성증상。
Objective To explore the outcome of psychotic disorders due to psychoactive substance use and influencing factors .Methods A total of 374 patients with psychotic disorders due to psychoactive sub-stance use were followed up .Results 72 .5 percent of patients completed follow-up ,relapse rate was 88 .9% during follow-up ,patients keeping drug taking made up 17 .0% within first 6 months of follow-up ;69 .0% of patients rehospitalized during follow-up .Patients w hose psychotic symptoms completely relieved within 1 month after first admission made up 62 .9% (transient symptom ) ,ones gradually did within 6 months did 28 .2% (persistent symptom ) ,ones w ho remained partial hallucination and delusion after 6 months did 8 .9% (residual symptom );drug taking time ,positive rate of psychosis family history ,rehos-pitalization ,diverse substance abuse and residual notable psychotic symptom rate were significantly higher in residual than both transient and persistent symptom group (P<0 .01) ,age of first drug-taking was low-er (P<0.01) ,and hospitalization time longer (P< 0.01) .Conclusion The prognosis of most patients with psychotic disorders due to psychoactive substance use is better ,that of partial ones is poor ,and they may remain psychotic symptoms for a long time after separating oneself from drug .