CAJ | 학술논문

针对传统仪器无法考虑岩土工程中温度和荷载等因素综合作用的缺陷，研制了一套多功能土-水特征曲线试验仪。以粉土为研究对象，开展了不同固结应力作用下粉土的土-水特征曲线试验，并测量其增减湿过程中土体的体积胀缩量，以便修正体积变化对其体积含水率的计算误差。结果表明，粉土在减湿过程中，土体的体积发生明显的收缩。其收缩量与固结应力水平有关，固结应力越小，则减湿引起的体缩量越大。但土体在增湿过程中的体积则基本保持不变。固结应力对粉土土-水特征曲线的进气值、增减湿速率影响较大，固结压力越大，其进气值越大、减湿速率也越大。最后，为揭示固结应力对土的持水性能的影响机制，开展了不同固结应力作用下土体的细观试验。结果表明，固结应力主要改变了土体团粒间的大孔隙，而对黏土颗粒之间的孔隙影响较小。土体的持水性能与土体的孔隙大小和分布模式密切相关，大孔隙主要影响土体的进气值，而其孔隙分布模式则控制其增减湿湿速率。
침대전통의기무법고필암토공정중온도화하재등인소종합작용적결함，연제료일투다공능토-수특정곡선시험의。이분토위연구대상，개전료불동고결응력작용하분토적토-수특정곡선시험，병측량기증감습과정중토체적체적창축량，이편수정체적변화대기체적함수솔적계산오차。결과표명，분토재감습과정중，토체적체적발생명현적수축。기수축량여고결응력수평유관，고결응력월소，칙감습인기적체축량월대。단토체재증습과정중적체적칙기본보지불변。고결응력대분토토-수특정곡선적진기치、증감습속솔영향교대，고결압력월대，기진기치월대、감습속솔야월대。최후，위게시고결응력대토적지수성능적영향궤제，개전료불동고결응력작용하토체적세관시험。결과표명，고결응력주요개변료토체단립간적대공극，이대점토과립지간적공극영향교소。토체적지수성능여토체적공극대소화분포모식밀절상관，대공극주요영향토체적진기치，이기공극분포모식칙공제기증감습습속솔。
In light of traditional instrument which can’t consider the factors of stress and temperature in the geotechnical engineering, a set of multifunctional soil-water characteristic curve test instrument is developed. Taking silt as study object, the soil-water characteristic curve tests under the effect of different consolidation stresses are carried out. The volume shrinkage deformation is also measured at the same time so as to amend miscount caused by volume change. It is found that the shrinkage is obvious in the drying process;and the smaller consolidation stress is, the more shrinkage is. But the soil volume remains unchanged in the wetting process. The consolidation stress has a great influence on the air-entry value and wetting (drying) rates. The air-entry value and wetting (drying) rates are greater when the consolidation stress increases. Finally, the mesoscopic tests under the action of different consolidation stresses are carried out for revealing its influence mechanism. The test results show that the large pore between the soil aggregate is compressed mainly by consolidation stress; but the pore between soil particles is less effect by it. The soil-water properties are related to the pore size and its distribution mode closely. The large pore has influence on the air-entry value and the distribution mode has influence on the wetting (drying) rates.