人民黄河
人民黃河
인민황하
Yellow River
2013年
11期
60-63
,共4页
全氮含量%氮素吸附%河床底泥%土柱试验%汾河
全氮含量%氮素吸附%河床底泥%土柱試驗%汾河
전담함량%담소흡부%하상저니%토주시험%분하
total nitrogen content%nitrogen adsorption%riverbed sediment%soil column experiment%Fenhe River
基于含氮污水在汾河典型断面河床底泥土柱中的渗透和运移试验，分析了河床底泥全氮含量随时间的变化过程和底泥质地对氮素含量及分布的影响。研究结果表明：在河道污水向底泥入渗的非饱和入渗和饱和入渗阶段，底泥全氮含量随时间的增加而增加。通透性好的底泥入渗水分通量大，底泥吸附能力低，溶质的吸附和机械弥散过程在非饱和入渗阶段基本完成；而通透性差的底泥入渗水分通量很小，溶质的吸附和机械弥散过程在非饱和入渗阶段不能全部完成；底泥胶粒表面带有负电荷的有限性决定了氮素吸附的有限性，底泥的结构又决定了机械弥散的有限性，无论底泥的通透性好与否，入渗达到一定时间后，氮素在其底泥中运动时，对流机理将起主导作用，即入渗水所携带的氮素随水分通过底泥孔隙向深层运移或排泄。
基于含氮汙水在汾河典型斷麵河床底泥土柱中的滲透和運移試驗，分析瞭河床底泥全氮含量隨時間的變化過程和底泥質地對氮素含量及分佈的影響。研究結果錶明：在河道汙水嚮底泥入滲的非飽和入滲和飽和入滲階段，底泥全氮含量隨時間的增加而增加。通透性好的底泥入滲水分通量大，底泥吸附能力低，溶質的吸附和機械瀰散過程在非飽和入滲階段基本完成；而通透性差的底泥入滲水分通量很小，溶質的吸附和機械瀰散過程在非飽和入滲階段不能全部完成；底泥膠粒錶麵帶有負電荷的有限性決定瞭氮素吸附的有限性，底泥的結構又決定瞭機械瀰散的有限性，無論底泥的通透性好與否，入滲達到一定時間後，氮素在其底泥中運動時，對流機理將起主導作用，即入滲水所攜帶的氮素隨水分通過底泥孔隙嚮深層運移或排洩。
기우함담오수재분하전형단면하상저니토주중적삼투화운이시험，분석료하상저니전담함량수시간적변화과정화저니질지대담소함량급분포적영향。연구결과표명：재하도오수향저니입삼적비포화입삼화포화입삼계단，저니전담함량수시간적증가이증가。통투성호적저니입삼수분통량대，저니흡부능력저，용질적흡부화궤계미산과정재비포화입삼계단기본완성；이통투성차적저니입삼수분통량흔소，용질적흡부화궤계미산과정재비포화입삼계단불능전부완성；저니효립표면대유부전하적유한성결정료담소흡부적유한성，저니적결구우결정료궤계미산적유한성，무론저니적통투성호여부，입삼체도일정시간후，담소재기저니중운동시，대류궤리장기주도작용，즉입삼수소휴대적담소수수분통과저니공극향심층운이혹배설。
Based on the penetration and migration tests of nitrogenous pollution in riverbed sediment soil columns of Fenhe River typical sections, this paper analyzed the change process of riverbed sediment total nitrogen content with time and the influence of sediment texture on nitrogen content and distribution. The result shows that the nitrogen content of riverbed sediment increases with time in the stages of river sewage to the riverbed sed-iment both unsaturated and saturated infiltration. For riverbed sediment with good permeability,infiltration moisture flux is large and the adsorption ability is low,and the adsorption and mechanical dispersion processes of solute complete basically in the unsaturated infiltration process;while for sediment with poor permeability,infiltration moisture flux is very small,and the adsorption and mechanical dispersion processes of solute can’t completely finish in the unsaturated infiltration procedure;the limitation of negative charge on sediment particles surface decides the limitation of ni-trogen adsorption and the structure of the sediment decides the limitation of mechanical dispersion. No matter the permeability of sediment is good or not,when infiltration reaches to a certain time,as nitrogen removing in the sediment,convection mechanism will play a dominant role,i. e. ,ni-trogen carried by infiltration water transports or discharges to the deep layer along with the water through the pores of sediment.
