应用气象学报
應用氣象學報
응용기상학보
QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY
2013年
6期
666-676
,共11页
李清泉%孙丞虎%袁媛%司东%王东阡%王艳姣%郭艳君%柳艳菊%任福民%周兵%王朋岭
李清泉%孫丞虎%袁媛%司東%王東阡%王豔姣%郭豔君%柳豔菊%任福民%週兵%王朋嶺
리청천%손승호%원원%사동%왕동천%왕염교%곽염군%류염국%임복민%주병%왕붕령
气候监测%气候诊断%新技术%新机理%业务应用
氣候鑑測%氣候診斷%新技術%新機理%業務應用
기후감측%기후진단%신기술%신궤리%업무응용
climate monitoring%climate diagnosis%new technology%new mechanism%operational application
气候监测诊断是了解气候系统变化及其成因的重要手段。经过二十多年的发展，目前国家气候中心建立了一套多时间、多空间尺度的气候系统监测诊断业务系统，并且在业务应用中不断发展和完善。同时，加强了关键异常信号及其对我国气候异常的影响机理的研究，在海温、冰雪、土壤温湿度、大气低频振动、北极涛动、季风、平流层异常等对我国气候影响的监测诊断等方面提出一些新理论、新技术和新方法，并在业务中得以应用。本文回顾了近20年来我国气候监测诊断业务的发展历程，介绍了我国气候监测诊断业务的技术现状，重点总结了近些年来在实时气候监测诊断业务中发展和应用的一些新技术和气候异常机理。
氣候鑑測診斷是瞭解氣候繫統變化及其成因的重要手段。經過二十多年的髮展，目前國傢氣候中心建立瞭一套多時間、多空間呎度的氣候繫統鑑測診斷業務繫統，併且在業務應用中不斷髮展和完善。同時，加彊瞭關鍵異常信號及其對我國氣候異常的影響機理的研究，在海溫、冰雪、土壤溫濕度、大氣低頻振動、北極濤動、季風、平流層異常等對我國氣候影響的鑑測診斷等方麵提齣一些新理論、新技術和新方法，併在業務中得以應用。本文迴顧瞭近20年來我國氣候鑑測診斷業務的髮展歷程，介紹瞭我國氣候鑑測診斷業務的技術現狀，重點總結瞭近些年來在實時氣候鑑測診斷業務中髮展和應用的一些新技術和氣候異常機理。
기후감측진단시료해기후계통변화급기성인적중요수단。경과이십다년적발전，목전국가기후중심건립료일투다시간、다공간척도적기후계통감측진단업무계통，병차재업무응용중불단발전화완선。동시，가강료관건이상신호급기대아국기후이상적영향궤리적연구，재해온、빙설、토양온습도、대기저빈진동、북겁도동、계풍、평류층이상등대아국기후영향적감측진단등방면제출일사신이론、신기술화신방법，병재업무중득이응용。본문회고료근20년래아국기후감측진단업무적발전역정，개소료아국기후감측진단업무적기술현상，중점총결료근사년래재실시기후감측진단업무중발전화응용적일사신기술화기후이상궤리。
At present,a set of climate monitoring and diagnosis operation system on multiple temporal and spa-tial-scales is set up and continuously improved,and some new theories,technologies,and approaches are promoted and applied.In the aspect of atmospheric circulation,besides basic characteristic variables relat-ed to height,wind and so on,the monitoring and diagnosis operational products of stratospheric process, northeast cold vortex,Walker circulation,Hadley circulation,water vapor transportation are also devel-oped.Furthermore,the monitoring and diagnosis operation of the extreme weather and climate events over China and the world is gradually set up and improved.In the aspect of ocean,besides the physical system in the tropical and extra-tropical ocean and atmosphere related to ENSO,the monitoring and diagnosis technologies and products in light of the sea temperature anomalies of Indian Ocean and Atlantic Ocean with the major modes of oceanic and atmospheric system are developed.In the aspect of sea ice and snow, the monitoring and diagnosis technologies and products of the Antarctic and Arctic sea ice concentration and days as well as snow days,snow areas,and snow depths of the Northern Hemisphere and China are developed and set up.In the aspect of land surface,the monitoring technologies and products on the basis of station observations of soil temperature and humidity are developed.At the same time,the research is enhanced on the key factors,such as atmosphere,ocean,land surface,sea ice,snow and so on,as well as the mechanisms how they influence climate anomalies in China.
