南通大学学报（医学版）
南通大學學報（醫學版）
남통대학학보（의학판）
JOURNAL OF NANTONG UNIVERSITY(MEDICAL SCIENCES)
2014年
3期
193-195
,共3页
袁咏梅%顾萍%姜燕南%许波银
袁詠梅%顧萍%薑燕南%許波銀
원영매%고평%강연남%허파은
医院感染%患病率%调查分析
醫院感染%患病率%調查分析
의원감염%환병솔%조사분석
nosocomial infection%prevalence rate%survey and analysis
目的：了解医院感染现患率、医院感染分布特点及抗生素使用情况，为指导医院感染工作重点提供理论依据。方法：利用横断面调查方法，对2011年10月25日0：00-24：00处于感染状态的病例进行统计分析。结果：应查2035例，实查2022例，实查率99.36%，发生医院感染46例，现患率2.27%，例次感染53例，例次感染率2.62%。现患率较高的科室是综合ICU，占31.25%；医院感染部位以下呼吸道为主，占48.98%，其次为泌尿道，占12.24%，皮肤软组织占10.20%，居第3位。53例次医院感染共检出43株病原菌，其中鲍曼不动杆菌12株(27.91%)居首位，铜绿假单胞菌8株(18.60%)次之。调查日抗菌药物使用率为49.68%，一联用药56.55%、二联用药41.87%、三联用药物1.59%，其中治疗用药占54.66%、预防用药占27.68%、治疗加预防用药占17.66%。结论：现患率调查方法简单，结果可靠，可以基本反映医院感染情况。提示应加强对高危科室的医院感染监测，加大临床抗生素合理使用的管理力度，减少预防用药及经验用药，提高病原菌送检率，防止和减少耐药菌株的产生。
目的：瞭解醫院感染現患率、醫院感染分佈特點及抗生素使用情況，為指導醫院感染工作重點提供理論依據。方法：利用橫斷麵調查方法，對2011年10月25日0：00-24：00處于感染狀態的病例進行統計分析。結果：應查2035例，實查2022例，實查率99.36%，髮生醫院感染46例，現患率2.27%，例次感染53例，例次感染率2.62%。現患率較高的科室是綜閤ICU，佔31.25%；醫院感染部位以下呼吸道為主，佔48.98%，其次為泌尿道，佔12.24%，皮膚軟組織佔10.20%，居第3位。53例次醫院感染共檢齣43株病原菌，其中鮑曼不動桿菌12株(27.91%)居首位，銅綠假單胞菌8株(18.60%)次之。調查日抗菌藥物使用率為49.68%，一聯用藥56.55%、二聯用藥41.87%、三聯用藥物1.59%，其中治療用藥佔54.66%、預防用藥佔27.68%、治療加預防用藥佔17.66%。結論：現患率調查方法簡單，結果可靠，可以基本反映醫院感染情況。提示應加彊對高危科室的醫院感染鑑測，加大臨床抗生素閤理使用的管理力度，減少預防用藥及經驗用藥，提高病原菌送檢率，防止和減少耐藥菌株的產生。
목적：료해의원감염현환솔、의원감염분포특점급항생소사용정황，위지도의원감염공작중점제공이론의거。방법：이용횡단면조사방법，대2011년10월25일0：00-24：00처우감염상태적병례진행통계분석。결과：응사2035례，실사2022례，실사솔99.36%，발생의원감염46례，현환솔2.27%，례차감염53례，례차감염솔2.62%。현환솔교고적과실시종합ICU，점31.25%；의원감염부위이하호흡도위주，점48.98%，기차위비뇨도，점12.24%，피부연조직점10.20%，거제3위。53례차의원감염공검출43주병원균，기중포만불동간균12주(27.91%)거수위，동록가단포균8주(18.60%)차지。조사일항균약물사용솔위49.68%，일련용약56.55%、이련용약41.87%、삼련용약물1.59%，기중치료용약점54.66%、예방용약점27.68%、치료가예방용약점17.66%。결론：현환솔조사방법간단，결과가고，가이기본반영의원감염정황。제시응가강대고위과실적의원감염감측，가대림상항생소합리사용적관리력도，감소예방용약급경험용약，제고병원균송검솔，방지화감소내약균주적산생。
Objective:To understand the prevalence rate and the distribution characteristic of the nosocomial infection, and to study the status of the use of the antibacterial drugs, and then to provide theoretical basis for nosocomial infection pre-venting. Methods:Infected cases on October 25, 2011 from 0:00 to 24:00 were statistical analyzed by using a cross-sectional survey method. Results: Samples were 2 035 cases, within these, 99.36% means 2 022 cases were actual investigated. A-mong the investigated cases, 46 cases (53 case-times) suffered from the nosocomial infection. The prevalence rate was 2.27% and the case-time infection rate was 2.62%. The prevalence rate of nosocomial infection in the integrated ICU was 31.25%, higher than those in other departments. The occurrence of nosocomial infection in the lower respiratory tract was the most common site, accounting for 48.98%. And then followed by the site of the urinary tract, the skin and soft tissue, its rate was accounted for 12.24%and 10.20%respectively. As to the pathogenic bacteria , 43 strains were detected from the 53 cas-es suffered from the nosocomial infection. Bauman Acinetobacter strains were 12 cases , accounted for 27.91%. 8 cases (18.60%) were Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains. Utilization rate of the antibacterial drugs was 49.68%on the day investigation. Drug combination survey showed that the rates of the therapy with single antibacterial and the two and three antibiotics were 56.55%, 41.87% and 1.59% respectively. Among these, the rate of drug used for treatment or only for prevention or for treatment and prevention was 54.66%, 27.68% and 17.66% respectively. Conclusions: The prevalence rate survey is a sim-ple, but reliable method. And its results can reflect the situation of hospital infection. It is necessary to strengthen the moni-toring of hospital infection in high-risk departments. It must intensify supervise on clinical rational use of antimicrobial agents to reduce the prevention or experiences of drug administration. It is also important to improve the pathogen detection rate for preventing and reducing the emergence of resistant strains.
