生态环境学报
生態環境學報
생태배경학보
ECOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENT
2013年
11期
1853-1858
,共6页
于雄胜%罗敏意%楼骏%柳勇
于雄勝%囉敏意%樓駿%柳勇
우웅성%라민의%루준%류용
厌氧土壤%有机氯%降解动力学%曲线拟合模型%参数优化
厭氧土壤%有機氯%降解動力學%麯線擬閤模型%參數優化
염양토양%유궤록%강해동역학%곡선의합모형%삼수우화
anaerobic soil%organochlorine%degradation kinetics%curve-fitting model%parameter optimization
研究厌氧条件下土壤中有机氯降解动力学模型及其参数优化方法,对阐明有机氯降解的动力学反应机制具有十分重要的理论意义。文章以厌氧条件下土壤中五氯酚(PCP)降解为例,归纳介绍了两类用于描述土壤中PCP降解动力学过程的模型:一类模型是不考虑微生物生长的基质降解模式,以一级动力学模型最有代表性,但这类模型多数情况下没有或没有完全体现环境因素对PCP降解的抑制作用;另一类模型是考虑微生物生长的基质降解模式,以Monod动力学模型使用最普遍,但这类模型只在微生物生长的指数期适用,对延迟期、稳定期和衰亡期需经扩展才可应用。logistic 动力学模型可广泛用于以上两类模型,是可以近似地描述微生物经适应过程和共代谢作用而致有机氯降解的简单模型。文章还总结了有机氯降解非线性模型参数的优化方法,并对其优缺点进行了分析和比较。针对目前土壤中有机氯降解动力学模型及其参数优化研究中存在的问题,对今后的研究方向进行了展望。
研究厭氧條件下土壤中有機氯降解動力學模型及其參數優化方法,對闡明有機氯降解的動力學反應機製具有十分重要的理論意義。文章以厭氧條件下土壤中五氯酚(PCP)降解為例,歸納介紹瞭兩類用于描述土壤中PCP降解動力學過程的模型:一類模型是不攷慮微生物生長的基質降解模式,以一級動力學模型最有代錶性,但這類模型多數情況下沒有或沒有完全體現環境因素對PCP降解的抑製作用;另一類模型是攷慮微生物生長的基質降解模式,以Monod動力學模型使用最普遍,但這類模型隻在微生物生長的指數期適用,對延遲期、穩定期和衰亡期需經擴展纔可應用。logistic 動力學模型可廣汎用于以上兩類模型,是可以近似地描述微生物經適應過程和共代謝作用而緻有機氯降解的簡單模型。文章還總結瞭有機氯降解非線性模型參數的優化方法,併對其優缺點進行瞭分析和比較。針對目前土壤中有機氯降解動力學模型及其參數優化研究中存在的問題,對今後的研究方嚮進行瞭展望。
연구염양조건하토양중유궤록강해동역학모형급기삼수우화방법,대천명유궤록강해적동역학반응궤제구유십분중요적이론의의。문장이염양조건하토양중오록분(PCP)강해위례,귀납개소료량류용우묘술토양중PCP강해동역학과정적모형:일류모형시불고필미생물생장적기질강해모식,이일급동역학모형최유대표성,단저류모형다수정황하몰유혹몰유완전체현배경인소대PCP강해적억제작용;령일류모형시고필미생물생장적기질강해모식,이Monod동역학모형사용최보편,단저류모형지재미생물생장적지수기괄용,대연지기、은정기화쇠망기수경확전재가응용。logistic 동역학모형가엄범용우이상량류모형,시가이근사지묘술미생물경괄응과정화공대사작용이치유궤록강해적간단모형。문장환총결료유궤록강해비선성모형삼수적우화방법,병대기우결점진행료분석화비교。침대목전토양중유궤록강해동역학모형급기삼수우화연구중존재적문제,대금후적연구방향진행료전망。
Study on the kinetic modeling and parameter optimization for organochlorine degradation in anaerobic soil helps to eluci-date the kinetic mechanisms of organochlorine degradation in the environment. Here we introduce two types of kinetic models for organochlorine degradation in anaerobic soil through a case study on pentachlorophenol (PCP). One type of the models exhibits sub-strate degradation patterns without considering microbial growth and is represented by the first-order kinetic model;in most cases, however, this kind of models does not fully reflect (or only partially reflects) the inhibitory effect of environmental factors on PCP degradation. The other type of models exhibits substrate degradation patterns by taking into consideration microbial growth and is represented by the Monod kinetic model; this type of models, however, is applicable only in the exponential phase of microbial growth and needs to be modified for application in the lag, stationary, and decline phases of microbial growth. The logistic kinetic model, which can be used widely in the above two types of kinetic models, provides a simple approach for approximately describing cometabolic degradation of organochlorine by microbial consortium after an adaptation period. Additionally, we summarize the methods for parameter optimization of nonlinear models for organochlorine degradation, and further discuss their advantages and disadvantages. Finally, we propose the research directions for studies on organochlorine degradation in soil related to kinetic model-ing and parameter optimization.