CAJ | 학술논문

2012年3月23日河南省发生了一次致灾大风天气过程。此次天气过程强度大、时间短，影响范围广，灾害比较大。为了找出此次大风发生的成因，利用常规观测资料以及NCEP分析资料对这次过程进行诊断分析。结果表明：①此次致灾大风过程是在中高层低槽强烈斜压发展，槽后强的冷平流不断南下，较强的高空风动量下传，高低空存在强的下沉运动，地面大的气压梯度和变压梯度等共同作用下产生的；②此次大风天气过程中，温度槽始终落后于高度槽，强烈的斜压作用使高空槽发展。在槽后强冷平流作用下，高空槽加深发展并东移南下，引导冷空气东移南下，冷空气向南移动的过程中，冷平流不断加强，河南上空冷暖平流共同作用，使得锋区进一步加强，风力加大；③中高层的强冷平流是此次大风过程的主要热力因子，低层冷平流较弱；④此次大风天气中高空风动量下传起到了重要作用，强风速从河南西北部自上而下，自西向东传播；⑤强的气压梯度力是此次大风天气形成的主要原因之一。预报河南大风时要关注西安、北京和郑州之间的气压差，在西北路冷空气影响时，如果西安加压，北京减压，风速就有增大的趋势，反之，如果西安和北京都加压，虽然西安和郑州的气压梯度较大，风力也不会很大。
2012년3월23일하남성발생료일차치재대풍천기과정。차차천기과정강도대、시간단，영향범위엄，재해비교대。위료조출차차대풍발생적성인，이용상규관측자료이급NCEP분석자료대저차과정진행진단분석。결과표명：①차차치재대풍과정시재중고층저조강렬사압발전，조후강적랭평류불단남하，교강적고공풍동량하전，고저공존재강적하침운동，지면대적기압제도화변압제도등공동작용하산생적；②차차대풍천기과정중，온도조시종락후우고도조，강렬적사압작용사고공조발전。재조후강랭평류작용하，고공조가심발전병동이남하，인도랭공기동이남하，랭공기향남이동적과정중，랭평류불단가강，하남상공랭난평류공동작용，사득봉구진일보가강，풍력가대；③중고층적강랭평류시차차대풍과정적주요열력인자，저층랭평류교약；④차차대풍천기중고공풍동량하전기도료중요작용，강풍속종하남서북부자상이하，자서향동전파；⑤강적기압제도력시차차대풍천기형성적주요원인지일。예보하남대풍시요관주서안、북경화정주지간적기압차，재서북로랭공기영향시，여과서안가압，북경감압，풍속취유증대적추세，반지，여과서안화북경도가압，수연서안화정주적기압제도교대，풍력야불회흔대。
There has been occurred a disaster-causing gale on March 23,2012 in Henan Province. This process has four characteristics-strong intensity,short time,wide range of influence and serious disaster. The diagnostic analysis has been made utilizing the conventional observations and NCEP reanalysis data to find the probable causes of this process. The results show that this process is occurred by the combined action of some conditions. They are the trough of the mid-high level developing strongly baroclinic,the stronger cold advection after the trough continuous down south,the downward propagating of the stronger upper wind momentum,the strong sinking motion between upper and low air,the big pressure gradient and allobaric gradient on the ground,and so on. Between this heavy wind weather,the strong baroclinic effect makes the upper trough developed due to the temperature trough always lagged behind the height trough. Under the action of the strong cold advection which behind the trough,the upper trough deepened development and down southeast,consequently guide the cold air moved southeastward. The cold advection has been continuously strengthened during the course of the southward movement of the cold air,the front area has been further strengthened and the wind power has been increased as a result of the coefficient results between the cold and warm air over Henan. The stronger cold advection of the high-level is the main heating factor of the gale process,the cold advection of the lower-level is weaker. The downward propagat ing of the upper wind momentum plays an important role in this strong wind. The strong wind speed, which comes from the northwest of Henan,spreads from top to down and from west to east. The leading cause of this heavy wind weather is the strong pressure gradient force. The pressure differences between Xi’an,Beijing and Zhengzhou needs more attention when forecasts the heavy wind weather in Henan. In the northwest cold air,if the pressure of Xi’an increase and the pressure of Beijing decrease,the wind speed has increased trend. Conversely, if the pressure of Xi’an and Beijing both increase,the wind speed will not be very strong although the pressure gradient between Xi’an and Zhengzhou is larger.