CAJ | 학술논문

为探究我国主产区紫花苜蓿营养现状以及生产中肥料使用的科学性，2012年56月，对我国紫花苜蓿主产区21个大田样地苜蓿初花期时的土壤养分、植物组织营养以及第一茬产草量和施肥管理情况进行测定和调研，对土壤和植物营养状况进行评价，对土壤和植物养分含量与产草量间的关系进行了分析。研究表明，紫花苜蓿主产区土壤以砂性为主，有机质含量低。紫花苜蓿组织中氮素营养处于充足水平，磷素（ P）和钾素（ K）普遍缺乏，微量元素中锌（Zn）、硼（B）、钼（Mo）元素缺乏。土壤中磷素和植物体内硼（B）、钼（Mo）和铁（Fe）含量与第一茬产草量显著正相关。施用氮肥地块有12个，磷肥有5个，钾肥有3个，没有有针对性施用微量元素肥料的地块。建议在紫花苜蓿大田生产上控制氮肥施用，注重P、K肥的施用，有针对性地施用B、Mo等微量元素。
위탐구아국주산구자화목숙영양현상이급생산중비료사용적과학성，2012년56월，대아국자화목숙주산구21개대전양지목숙초화기시적토양양분、식물조직영양이급제일치산초량화시비관리정황진행측정화조연，대토양화식물영양상황진행평개，대토양화식물양분함량여산초량간적관계진행료분석。연구표명，자화목숙주산구토양이사성위주，유궤질함량저。자화목숙조직중담소영양처우충족수평，린소（ P）화갑소（ K）보편결핍，미량원소중자（Zn）、붕（B）、목（Mo）원소결핍。토양중린소화식물체내붕（B）、목（Mo）화철（Fe）함량여제일치산초량현저정상관。시용담비지괴유12개，린비유5개，갑비유3개，몰유유침대성시용미량원소비료적지괴。건의재자화목숙대전생산상공제담비시용，주중P、K비적시용，유침대성지시용B、Mo등미량원소。
In order to clarify the availability of soil nutrients and the nutrition situation of alfalfa plants ( Medicago sativa) in the major alfalfa producing area in China , soil and plant tissue samples were collected in 21 areas, the nutrient levels in both the soils and plant tissues in the early flowering stage of alfalfa were analyzed , and the first harvesting yields of grass and the reasonability of present fertilization were investigated from May to June 2012.The relationship between the nutrient supply and the yields was evaluated at the same time .The results show that the major alfalfa producing areas are mainly sandy soils with low levels of organic matter contents .The nitrogen ( N) nutrition in alfalfa is sufficient, but phosphorus(P)and potassium(K)are inadequate in general , and trace elements such as zinc(Zn), boron (B)and molybdenum(Mo)are often deficient.The P in soils, B, Mo and Fe contents in plant tissues are significant and positively correlated with the yield of the first harvesting ( P<0.05 ) .Among the investigated fields, N fertilizers are applied in 12, P fertilizers in 5 and K fertilizers in 3 sites.Therefore, applications of P and K and trace elements B and Mo fertilizers should be taken as an effective way for the yields increase of alfalfa .