CAJ | 학술논문

土地与资金是制约小城镇建设的两大瓶颈。在我国的新型城镇化进程中，农村集体土地的流转问题成为新一轮土地制度改革的焦点。天津宅基地换房模式因为基于村民自愿、土地承包权不变、土地财产功能释放等，从而创新性地实现了土地使用权流转、土地资金的双平衡。然而该模式在实际操作中存在所有权与使用权模糊、利益分配不均衡、农民生存与发展相矛盾等方面的问题。若推广该模式，应该进一步加强农民权益的保障，重视新城镇产业的发展，也要建立城乡统一的建设用地市场，并从多角度考察推行的可行性。
토지여자금시제약소성진건설적량대병경。재아국적신형성진화진정중，농촌집체토지적류전문제성위신일륜토지제도개혁적초점。천진택기지환방모식인위기우촌민자원、토지승포권불변、토지재산공능석방등，종이창신성지실현료토지사용권류전、토지자금적쌍평형。연이해모식재실제조작중존재소유권여사용권모호、이익분배불균형、농민생존여발전상모순등방면적문제。약추엄해모식，응해진일보가강농민권익적보장，중시신성진산업적발전，야요건립성향통일적건설용지시장，병종다각도고찰추행적가행성。
Land and capital are the bottlenecks to restrict the construction of small towns. The circulation of rural collective land becomes the focus of a new round of land reform in the new urbanization of China.“Exchange of House with Homestead”is a model based on the constant contract right of voluntary land of villagers and the releasing function of Land property, which make the balance in the circulation of land-use right and the land fund. But this model has some weak points in practice, such as the unclear concept between ownership and use-right, unbalance distribution, and the contradiction between the survival and the development of farmers. Thus, if we want to popularize this model, we should perfect the guarantee function to farmer’s rights and interests further, pay close attention to the development of new towns’ industry to establish the market of urban and rural construction land. We should also inspect the feasibility from various perspectives.