CAJ | 학술논문

通过实验考察刻板印象威胁影响个体的工作记忆容量的心理机制。实验采用3启动方式（外显启动，内隐启动，控制组）×2加工负荷（高负荷，低负荷）×2保持时间（长时间保持，短时间保持）3因素完全随机实验设计。结果发现，无论在外显组还是在内隐组，加工负荷对工作记忆容量的影响具有主效应，而保持时间主效应同样也显著。实验结果表明，外显高负荷组的女性报告更多的焦虑，却表现出较少的自我妨碍；内隐高负荷组的女性表现出更多的自我妨碍却报告更少的焦虑。因此，实验结果支持双加工模型，即内隐和外显刻板印象威胁通过不同的机制影响工作记忆。
통과실험고찰각판인상위협영향개체적공작기억용량적심리궤제。실험채용3계동방식（외현계동，내은계동，공제조）×2가공부하（고부하，저부하）×2보지시간（장시간보지，단시간보지）3인소완전수궤실험설계。결과발현，무론재외현조환시재내은조，가공부하대공작기억용량적영향구유주효응，이보지시간주효응동양야현저。실험결과표명，외현고부하조적녀성보고경다적초필，각표현출교소적자아방애；내은고부하조적녀성표현출경다적자아방애각보고경소적초필。인차，실험결과지지쌍가공모형，즉내은화외현각판인상위협통과불동적궤제영향공작기억。
The primary goal of this research was to investigate the Psychological Mechanism of stereotype threat on Limitations of Working Memory. All dependent Variables were examined using 3 priming (Implicit versus Explicit versus no threat)×2 processing load (high, low)×2 retention duration (Length, Short).The study revealed the processing load affected Limitations of Working Memory, and retention duration had effect on Working Memory. The results of experiment also indicated in explicit stereotype activation effects women reported more anxiety on high processing load task, but less Self-handicapping than Other groups. However, in implicit stereotype activation effects women reported less anxiety on high processing load task, but more self-handicapping than other groups. The experiment Support hypotheses of dual process model for how explicit and implicit stereotype threat cues influence Working Memory through separate mechanisms.