CAJ | 학술논문

以龙川江干流水文站---小黄瓜园站所控制的集水区为研究区，以1974年、1992年、2007年和2011年的卫星影像解译数据为信息源，选择6个斑块类型水平和8个景观水平的景观格局指数，分析研究区1974-2011年间的景观格局的变化特点，并对引起格局变化的驱动力进行剖析．结果表明：①1974-1992年，景观聚集度（AI）由89.1427％降为85.9012％，景观破碎化加重，其中耕地和草地破碎化最为严重．1992-2011年，景观AI值升为88.7651％，整体景观的破碎化程度有所减轻；耕地破碎化却更为严重，成为破碎度最高的景观类型，其斑块数目（NP）占研究区NP的35.97％；水域和建设用地的分布趋于分散，林地分布渐趋集中．②各类型所占景观面积比例（PLAND）在1974-2007年间由均衡趋向不均衡，在2007-2011年间有所改善．1974-2011年，林地逐渐取代耕地的优势地位，草地在整个流域所占的比重下降严重，而建设用地的比重则不断增大，其PLAND增加近140倍．③1974-2007年、2007-2011年，流域整体景观的形状渐趋复杂，景观均匀度后期较前期好．耕地和水域的形状后期较前期复杂，而林地和建设用地的形状则是后期较前期规则．④龙川江流域的地形地貌是景观格局变化的重要限制因素；人类的经济活动和政府的决策、政策是景观格局变化的主要驱动力．本文的研究结果可为合理开发利用龙川江流域国土资源、保护和建设生态环境提供有益参考．
이룡천강간류수문참---소황과완참소공제적집수구위연구구，이1974년、1992년、2007년화2011년적위성영상해역수거위신식원，선택6개반괴류형수평화8개경관수평적경관격국지수，분석연구구1974-2011년간적경관격국적변화특점，병대인기격국변화적구동력진행부석．결과표명：①1974-1992년，경관취집도（AI）유89.1427％강위85.9012％，경관파쇄화가중，기중경지화초지파쇄화최위엄중．1992-2011년，경관AI치승위88.7651％，정체경관적파쇄화정도유소감경；경지파쇄화각경위엄중，성위파쇄도최고적경관류형，기반괴수목（NP）점연구구NP적35.97％；수역화건설용지적분포추우분산，임지분포점추집중．②각류형소점경관면적비례（PLAND）재1974-2007년간유균형추향불균형，재2007-2011년간유소개선．1974-2011년，임지축점취대경지적우세지위，초지재정개류역소점적비중하강엄중，이건설용지적비중칙불단증대，기PLAND증가근140배．③1974-2007년、2007-2011년，류역정체경관적형상점추복잡，경관균균도후기교전기호．경지화수역적형상후기교전기복잡，이임지화건설용지적형상칙시후기교전기규칙．④룡천강류역적지형지모시경관격국변화적중요한제인소；인류적경제활동화정부적결책、정책시경관격국변화적주요구동력．본문적연구결과가위합리개발이용룡천강류역국토자원、보호화건설생태배경제공유익삼고．
The study area in this paper covers the catchment controlled by Xiaohuangguayuan station,which is the main hydrological station in the Longchuangjiang Watershed.The satellite imageries used to derive land use/cover changes in this paper are collected from the year of 1 974,1 992,2007 and 201 1 respectively.6 and 8 landscape pattern indices (LPIs)that respectively belong to class-level and landscape-level,are selected to calculate and analyze the changes of landscape during the study period.Meanwhile,the driving factors of land-scape pattern change are also analyzed.The results are as follows:①During 1 974-1 992,the aggregation index (AI)at landscape -level decreased from 89.1 42 7% to 85.901 2%,showing the severe fragmentation in the landscape.And during that time,farmland and grassland fragmentation were the worst in all landscape types. From 1 992 to 201 1 ,AI at landscape-level was increased to 88.765 1%,which means the landscape fragmenta-tion was not as severe as before.However,farmland fragmentation was worse than before,its’number of patches (NP)index accounting for 35.97%of the whole landscape NP.The distribution of waters and construction land tended to be scattered,but the distribution of woodland was opposite.②During 1 974-2007,the percentage of landscape types (PLAND)tended to be more and more unbalanced,then it’s better during 2007-201 1 .From 1 992 to 201 1 ,woodland replaced the dominance of farmland,and grassland was getting lower and lower propor-tion of the entire watershed while the percentage of construction land almost increased 1 40 times.③The shape of watershed landscape was becoming more complex during the time.And the homogeneity of watershed landscape from 2007 to 201 1 was better than during 1 974-2007 .The regularity of farmland and waters at late stage were more complex than at early period,while the tendency of woodland and construction land were completely oppo-site.④Those changes of landscape were driven by natural and anthropogenic factors.The topography of study area is an important limiting factor.Furthermore,human economic activity and government policy are the main driving forces for landscape pattern changes.The research results provide some useful reference for development and utilization of resources,as well as protection and construction of ecological environment in the Longchuan-jiang Watershed.