中国煤炭地质
中國煤炭地質
중국매탄지질
COAL GEOLOGY OF CHINA
2013年
12期
64-67,86
,共5页
岩溶塌陷%现状分析%发育特征%成因机理%防治措施%河北唐山
巖溶塌陷%現狀分析%髮育特徵%成因機理%防治措施%河北唐山
암용탑함%현상분석%발육특정%성인궤리%방치조시%하북당산
karst collapse%analysis of status quo%development features%genetic mechanism%controlling measures,Tangshan,Hebei
唐山是我国北方岩溶塌陷地质灾害多发地，1976年唐山大地震以来，岩溶塌陷已发生多起。在分析岩溶发育现状的基础上，描述了该区的岩溶发育特征，进而研究了岩溶塌陷的成因机理。研究认为，采矿活动和过量开采岩溶地下水是造成岩溶塌陷的直接诱因，它直接改变了地下水动力条件，局部形成了水位漏斗；地面建筑物的重力荷载、煤矿透水灾害和地震等将直接导致岩溶塌陷地质灾害的发生。据此提出了较为具体的防治措施。
唐山是我國北方巖溶塌陷地質災害多髮地，1976年唐山大地震以來，巖溶塌陷已髮生多起。在分析巖溶髮育現狀的基礎上，描述瞭該區的巖溶髮育特徵，進而研究瞭巖溶塌陷的成因機理。研究認為，採礦活動和過量開採巖溶地下水是造成巖溶塌陷的直接誘因，它直接改變瞭地下水動力條件，跼部形成瞭水位漏鬥；地麵建築物的重力荷載、煤礦透水災害和地震等將直接導緻巖溶塌陷地質災害的髮生。據此提齣瞭較為具體的防治措施。
당산시아국북방암용탑함지질재해다발지，1976년당산대지진이래，암용탑함이발생다기。재분석암용발육현상적기출상，묘술료해구적암용발육특정，진이연구료암용탑함적성인궤리。연구인위，채광활동화과량개채암용지하수시조성암용탑함적직접유인，타직접개변료지하수동력조건，국부형성료수위루두；지면건축물적중력하재、매광투수재해화지진등장직접도치암용탑함지질재해적발생。거차제출료교위구체적방치조시。
The Tangshan area is prone to karst collapse hazard in North China, many karst collapses have been happened since the Tangshan megaseism 1976. Based on analysis of karst development status quo, described karst development features in the area, and then studied karst collapse genetic mechanism. The study considered that the mining activities and excessive exploitation of groundwa-ter are the direct inducements to cause karst collapses, because of they directly changed groundwater dynamic conditions, and formed depression cones locally. Gravity load of surface structures, coalmine water inrush and earthquake can directly cause karst collapses. Based on the study, rather concrete controlling measures put forward.
