中国医学创新
中國醫學創新
중국의학창신
MEDICAL INNOVATION OF CHINA
2014年
1期
23-24
,共2页
肺部感染%病原菌%构成比%易感因素
肺部感染%病原菌%構成比%易感因素
폐부감염%병원균%구성비%역감인소
Pulmonary infection%Pathogenic bacteria%Percentage%Predisposing factors
目的：了解肺部感染常见的病原菌，探讨其感染相关因素及致病菌构成比，为防治和治疗提供指导。方法：对诊断为肺部感染的316例患者进行痰菌培养及药敏试验，并对感染相关因素进行分析。结果：痰菌培养阳性率41.77%。病原菌中革兰氏阴性菌占49.24%；真菌40.91%；革兰氏阳性菌9.84%。与肺部感染关系密切的相关因素中，使用广谱抗生素94例，占71.21%；侵入性操作史者34例，占25.75%；腹部或胸部手术史者24例，占18.18%；使用激素和免疫抑制剂13例，占9.84%。结论：肺部感染的致病菌主要为革兰氏阴性菌，其次为真菌和革兰氏阳性菌。致病菌中占比例较高的主要有铜绿假单胞菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠埃希菌、白色念珠菌和金黄色葡萄球菌等。不合理使用广谱抗生素和免疫抑制剂；侵入性操作；原有基础疾病所引起的抵抗力下降；胸腹部手术等是引起或加重肺部感染的主要因素。
目的：瞭解肺部感染常見的病原菌，探討其感染相關因素及緻病菌構成比，為防治和治療提供指導。方法：對診斷為肺部感染的316例患者進行痰菌培養及藥敏試驗，併對感染相關因素進行分析。結果：痰菌培養暘性率41.77%。病原菌中革蘭氏陰性菌佔49.24%；真菌40.91%；革蘭氏暘性菌9.84%。與肺部感染關繫密切的相關因素中，使用廣譜抗生素94例，佔71.21%；侵入性操作史者34例，佔25.75%；腹部或胸部手術史者24例，佔18.18%；使用激素和免疫抑製劑13例，佔9.84%。結論：肺部感染的緻病菌主要為革蘭氏陰性菌，其次為真菌和革蘭氏暘性菌。緻病菌中佔比例較高的主要有銅綠假單胞菌、肺炎剋雷伯菌、大腸埃希菌、白色唸珠菌和金黃色葡萄毬菌等。不閤理使用廣譜抗生素和免疫抑製劑；侵入性操作；原有基礎疾病所引起的牴抗力下降；胸腹部手術等是引起或加重肺部感染的主要因素。
목적：료해폐부감염상견적병원균，탐토기감염상관인소급치병균구성비，위방치화치료제공지도。방법：대진단위폐부감염적316례환자진행담균배양급약민시험，병대감염상관인소진행분석。결과：담균배양양성솔41.77%。병원균중혁란씨음성균점49.24%；진균40.91%；혁란씨양성균9.84%。여폐부감염관계밀절적상관인소중，사용엄보항생소94례，점71.21%；침입성조작사자34례，점25.75%；복부혹흉부수술사자24례，점18.18%；사용격소화면역억제제13례，점9.84%。결론：폐부감염적치병균주요위혁란씨음성균，기차위진균화혁란씨양성균。치병균중점비례교고적주요유동록가단포균、폐염극뢰백균、대장애희균、백색념주균화금황색포도구균등。불합리사용엄보항생소화면역억제제；침입성조작；원유기출질병소인기적저항력하강；흉복부수술등시인기혹가중폐부감염적주요인소。
Objective:To explore the common pathogenic bacteria of lung infection,the infection related factors and percentage so as to provide direction of prevention and therapy.Method:The sputum samples of 316 patients with pulmonary infection were cultured and given drug sensitivity test,along with analyzing infection-related factors.Result:The positive proportion of sputum culture were 41.77%,including Gram-negative bacteria(49.24%),fungi(40.91%)and gram-positive bacteria(9.84%). In the factors of close-related with pulmonary infection,using broad-spectrum antibiotic were 94(71.21%)cases,invasive operation were 34(25.75%)cases,abdomen and thoracic surgical operation were 24(18.18%) cases,using glucocorticoid and immunosuppressants were 13(9.84%)cases.Conclusion:The main pathogenic bacteria of pulmonary infection are gram-negative bacteria,followed by fungi and gram-positive bacteria. The below are the high percentage of pathogenic bacteria,such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Klebsiella pneumonia,Escherichia coli,Candida albican,Staphylococcus aureus. Using broad-spectrum antibiotics unreasonably and using immunosuppressants,invasive operation,low immunity caused by underlying diseases,thoracic and abdominal surgical operation are main causes and factors for pulmonary infection patients.
