CAJ | 학술논문

将拮抗烟草青枯病菌株L-25和L-9接种有机肥底物载体（菜粕与牛粪有机肥1：1（w：w）），发酵后制成生物有机肥（BOF），在安徽进行2年生物防控烟草青枯病的田间试验。结果表明，第1年和第2年施用BOF，移栽105 d后烟草青枯病的生物防控率分别达到75.2%和95.4%；与对照相比，BOF处理烟叶和根系的过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶、超氧化物歧化酶和多酚氧化酶活性显著降低（p＜0.05），土壤过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶、多酚氧化酶和脲酶酶活显著高于对照；扫描电镜结果显示，发病烟株的维管束导管中有大量粘性物质堵塞于其中，而且维管束严重变形，而健康烟株和施用BOF后未发病烟株的维管束形态较正常，未有严重变形。抑制烟草青枯病型生物有机肥的施用可以提高烟草青枯病的生防率，显著降低烟叶和根系的抗性酶活性，增加土壤氧化还原酶和脲酶的活性，减少烟草维管束堵塞、变形的发生。
장길항연초청고병균주L-25화L-9접충유궤비저물재체（채박여우분유궤비1：1（w：w）），발효후제성생물유궤비（BOF），재안휘진행2년생물방공연초청고병적전간시험。결과표명，제1년화제2년시용BOF，이재105 d후연초청고병적생물방공솔분별체도75.2%화95.4%；여대조상비，BOF처리연협화근계적과양화물매、과양화경매、초양화물기화매화다분양화매활성현저강저（p＜0.05），토양과양화물매、과양화경매、다분양화매화뇨매매활현저고우대조；소묘전경결과현시，발병연주적유관속도관중유대량점성물질도새우기중，이차유관속엄중변형，이건강연주화시용BOF후미발병연주적유관속형태교정상，미유엄중변형。억제연초청고병형생물유궤비적시용가이제고연초청고병적생방솔，현저강저연협화근계적항성매활성，증가토양양화환원매화뇨매적활성，감소연초유관속도새、변형적발생。
A bio-organic fertilizer (BOF) was produced by inoculating fertilizer consisted of rapeseed meal and dairy manure of 1:1 (w:w) proportion with two antagonists followed by fermentation. BOF was made up of BOF25 fermented by strain L-25 and BOF9 fermented by strain L-9 respectively with 1:1 (w:w) proportion. Field experiments were conducted in Anhui province for two years to investigate biocontrol efficacy of BOF. Results showed that control efficacy of BOF treatments were up to 75.2% for thefirst year and 95.4% for the second year. Compared with control, activity of peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) of tobacco plants were significantly (p<0.05) reduced, while activity of POD, CAT, PPO and urease in soil were significantly (p<0.05) increased. Observations of vascular bundle of healthy tobacco plant, wilt plant in control treatment and uninfected plant in BOF treatment were made by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The SEM results showed that there was viscous material deforming and blocking vessel of vascular bundle in wilt tobacco while the vascular bundle of healthy tobacco and BOF treatments just grew well with a normal shape. Appling specific bioorganic fertilizer could significantly increase control efficacy, decrease defense enzyme of tobacco leaves and roots, increase soil oxidoreductase and urease, and prevent xylem vessel from being blocked and deformed.