CAJ | 학술논문

为了解河南烟区烤烟对氮素的吸收分配情况，试验采用15N分别标记基肥中的铵态氮（15NH4+）、基肥中的硝态氮（15NO3-）以及追肥氮的方法研究了烤烟大田生育期内各器官中氮素的吸收分配规律。结果显示：（1）在整个大田生育期烟株体内氮素积累量不断增加，其中旺长期增幅最大；烟株对土壤氮的积累量显著大于肥料氮，且吸收的氮素50%以上分布在叶片中；烟株根系对氮素的积累在整个生育期都呈现持续增加的趋势。（2）随生育期推进烟株各器官中积累肥料氮量占总氮比例不断降低；不同叶位间，叶片积累肥料氮占总氮的比例一直是：下部叶＞中部叶＞上部叶。（3）烟株在大田移栽后40d～60d期间为氮素积累强度最大时期，随后逐渐减弱，且生育后期烟株对肥料氮的积累表现为负值，而对土壤氮的吸收则表现出滞后性；烟株对基肥中硝态氮的吸收能力强于铵态氮，对追肥中氮素的吸收能力强于基肥氮。
위료해하남연구고연대담소적흡수분배정황，시험채용15N분별표기기비중적안태담（15NH4+）、기비중적초태담（15NO3-）이급추비담적방법연구료고연대전생육기내각기관중담소적흡수분배규률。결과현시：（1）재정개대전생육기연주체내담소적루량불단증가，기중왕장기증폭최대；연주대토양담적적루량현저대우비료담，차흡수적담소50%이상분포재협편중；연주근계대담소적적루재정개생육기도정현지속증가적추세。（2）수생육기추진연주각기관중적루비료담량점총담비례불단강저；불동협위간，협편적루비료담점총담적비례일직시：하부협＞중부협＞상부협。（3）연주재대전이재후40d～60d기간위담소적루강도최대시기，수후축점감약，차생육후기연주대비료담적적루표현위부치，이대토양담적흡수칙표현출체후성；연주대기비중초태담적흡수능력강우안태담，대추비중담소적흡수능력강우기비담。
Ammonium and nitrate nitrogen in base fertilizer and topdressing nitrogen were marked by 15N to study nitrogen absorption and distribution influe-cured tobacco in Henan province. Results showed that: (1)Nitrogen accumulation in tobacco plant increased in the whole growing stage especially in vigorous growth period. Soil nitrogen accumulation was significantly greater than that of fertilizer nitrogen and more than 50% of nitrogen absorbed was accumulated in leaves. Nitrogen accumulation in root showed sustained increasing trend. (2) The ratio of fertilizer nitrogen to total nitrogen reduced with growth period extending and the ratio of fertilizer nitrogen to total nitrogen in leaves of different parts was in the order of lower leaves> middle leaves> upper leaves. (3)Nitrogen accumulation ability of tobacco plant was strongest 40 to 60 days after transplanting and decreased thereafter gradually. The loss of fertilizer nitrogen in tobacco plant appeared in late growth period when tobacco plant could still absorb nitrogen from soil. Nitrate nitrogen was easier to be absorbed than ammonium nitrogen in base fertilizer. Top dressing nitrogen was easier to be absorbed.