CAJ | 학술논문

利用中尺度气象模式模拟了特殊地形下的气象变化特征，通过 CALPUFF 模拟了大气环境风险事件的精细化扩散特征。结果表明：西宁市地面风特征与河谷地形走向基本一致，典型风场表现为湟水河谷盛行西北和东南风，北川河谷则多为偏北风。青藏高原昼间强烈的山坡辐射增热和夜间冷却效应致使低空出现逆温层频率高，全年逆温的频率约为36％，最高逆温强度达每百米增温2.0℃以上，不利于污染物在垂直方向的扩散，河谷剖面模拟温度场的结果显示相同高度山坡附近比河谷中心的温度大约高1.5℃。CALPUFF 在西宁市大气环境风险模拟结果中能清楚描绘出污染物沿河谷输送与扩散的初始状况和细致分布，同时出现山体对烟团的阻碍效应、烟团因流场在山脊处形变以及山谷风环流影响等非定常扩散现象，扩散轨迹符合复杂地形和气象条件影响的特征和规律，模拟结果对准确预估大气环境风险事件在复杂地形和气象条件下城市中的扩散特征、影响范围和程度具有重要意义。
이용중척도기상모식모의료특수지형하적기상변화특정，통과 CALPUFF 모의료대기배경풍험사건적정세화확산특정。결과표명：서저시지면풍특정여하곡지형주향기본일치，전형풍장표현위황수하곡성행서북화동남풍，북천하곡칙다위편북풍。청장고원주간강렬적산파복사증열화야간냉각효응치사저공출현역온층빈솔고，전년역온적빈솔약위36％，최고역온강도체매백미증온2.0℃이상，불리우오염물재수직방향적확산，하곡부면모의온도장적결과현시상동고도산파부근비하곡중심적온도대약고1.5℃。CALPUFF 재서저시대기배경풍험모의결과중능청초묘회출오염물연하곡수송여확산적초시상황화세치분포，동시출현산체대연단적조애효응、연단인류장재산척처형변이급산곡풍배류영향등비정상확산현상，확산궤적부합복잡지형화기상조건영향적특정화규률，모의결과대준학예고대기배경풍험사건재복잡지형화기상조건하성시중적확산특정、영향범위화정도구유중요의의。
The meteorological elements under special terrain were simulated by a mecoscale numerical model,and the fine diffusion characteristics for an atmospheric environment risk event were simulated by the CALPUFF mod-el.The results show that surface wind direction is parallel to the valley direction.The west-north and east-south wind and north wind prevail in Huangshui river valley and in Beichuan river valley,respectively.Strongly hillside daytime radiative heating and night cooling effect in Qinghai-Tibet plateau lead to inversion layer frequently with high intensity,and the frequency of inversion temperature reaches 36%,while the maximum intensity increases 2.0 ℃ every the 100 m height,which is not favorable to diffuse pollutants in vertical direction.By simulation,tem-perature in same height hillside is about 1.5 ℃ higher than in the center of valley.CALPUFF plume trajectory model can be applied to the simulation of atmospheric environmental risk events,and the simulation results clearly depict the initial condition and detailed distribution about pollutant transport and diffusion along the valley.Under the complex terrain and weather conditions,some diffusion phenomena will appear such as puff is hindered by the mountain,puff diffusion locus accords to the characteristic and regulation from stream affection and puff diffusion is influenced by circulation of valley wind,which have important significance to estimate the diffusion,influencing range and extent for atmospheric environmental risks in the city.