CAJ | 학술논문

为了探讨小麦节水灌溉栽培技术，以穗型大小不同的2个小麦品种山农20（大穗型品种）和山农21（小穗型品种）为试材，在露天池栽条件下于小麦返青期后开始对2个小麦品种进行不同土壤含水量的水分胁迫处理，土壤含水量均设田间持水量的100％（水分过量）、80％（适宜水分）、61％（轻度干旱）和40％（严重干旱）4个处理，从小麦旗叶的光合速率（ Pn）、气孔导度（ Gs）、细胞间隙CO2浓度（ Ci）和蒸腾速率（ Tr）4个方面，研究了不同土壤水分条件对小麦旗叶光合特性的影响。结果表明：干旱在短期内可导致小麦生育后期旗叶光合速率和气孔导度上升，细胞间隙CO2浓度下降，但对蒸腾速率影响较小。在干旱年型小麦生产上，多选用小穗型品种如山农21。在华北地区可适当减少灌溉次数，以发挥冬小麦对干旱的适应性，达到节水、增产的目的。
위료탐토소맥절수관개재배기술，이수형대소불동적2개소맥품충산농20（대수형품충）화산농21（소수형품충）위시재，재로천지재조건하우소맥반청기후개시대2개소맥품충진행불동토양함수량적수분협박처리，토양함수량균설전간지수량적100％（수분과량）、80％（괄의수분）、61％（경도간한）화40％（엄중간한）4개처리，종소맥기협적광합속솔（ Pn）、기공도도（ Gs）、세포간극CO2농도（ Ci）화증등속솔（ Tr）4개방면，연구료불동토양수분조건대소맥기협광합특성적영향。결과표명：간한재단기내가도치소맥생육후기기협광합속솔화기공도도상승，세포간극CO2농도하강，단대증등속솔영향교소。재간한년형소맥생산상，다선용소수형품충여산농21。재화북지구가괄당감소관개차수，이발휘동소맥대간한적괄응성，체도절수、증산적목적。
In order to study the water saving irrigation cultivation technology of wheat , taking 2 wheat cultivars Shannong 20 ( large spike type cultivar ) and Shannong 21 ( small spike type cultivar ) with different sizes of panicle type as test materials, water stress with different soil water contents was treated after turning green period in the open pond cultivation conditions, soil water contents were 100% of field capacity (excess water), 80% of field capacity ( suitable water ) , 61% of field capacity ( mild drought ) and 40% of field capacity ( severe drought) respectively, and the effects of different soil moisture conditions on photosynthetic characteristics of wheat flag leaf were studied from the 4 aspects of Pn, Gs, Ci and Tr.The results showed that moderate drought and drought could increase the Pn and Gs of wheat flag leaf , decrease the Ci, Drought could lead to wheat flag leaf Pn and Gs rised in the short term, the Ci decreased at the later stage, but the effect on Tr was little.Small spike type cultivars should be chosen in dry years wheat production such as Shannong 21.Irrigation frequency should be reduced properly in the northern regions, in order to play the adaptability of winter wheat to drought and achieve the purpose of water saving and production increasing.