CAJ | 학술논문

目的：了解导致深圳市东部地区婴幼儿感染性腹泻的主要致病菌及肠道病毒，获得该地区婴幼儿感染性腹泻病原谱，为预防控制疾病及临床用药提供参考依据。方法收集深圳市东部地区2010年1月至2012年12月腹泻婴幼儿的粪便标本1095例，进行致病菌常规培养，同时进行肠道病毒（包括轮状病毒、诺如病毒、星状病毒和肠道腺病毒）的核酸检测。结果1095例腹泻粪便标本中，检出致病菌215株，阳性率为19．63％，以致泻性大肠埃希菌为主，共135株，其中致病性大肠埃希菌最多，为57．04％，产毒性大肠埃希菌为37．04％，侵袭性大肠埃希菌为5．19％，检出1例肠出血性大肠埃希菌 O157∶ H7；其次是沙门菌（4．11％）；再次是金黄色葡萄球菌（2．28％）。肠道病毒的总阳性率为23．83％，其中轮状病毒、诺如病毒、星状病毒和肠道腺病毒的检出率分别为9．04％、13．97％、0．73％和0．64％。结论每年6～12月为细菌感染腹泻的高峰期，深圳市东部地区婴幼儿腹泻病原菌以致泻性大肠埃希菌、沙门菌及金黄色葡萄球菌为主要病原菌，＜2岁的低龄儿童应警惕感染金黄色葡萄球菌的可能性。病毒性腹泻发病率呈逐年上升趋势，其中诺如病毒和轮状病毒是主要的病原体。每年秋、冬季为病毒感染发病高峰期。针对深圳市东部地区婴幼儿感染性腹泻的特点，应及时做好监测工作，应高度重视对防治工作的管理并加大人力、物力投入。
목적：료해도치심수시동부지구영유인감염성복사적주요치병균급장도병독，획득해지구영유인감염성복사병원보，위예방공제질병급림상용약제공삼고의거。방법수집심수시동부지구2010년1월지2012년12월복사영유인적분편표본1095례，진행치병균상규배양，동시진행장도병독（포괄륜상병독、낙여병독、성상병독화장도선병독）적핵산검측。결과1095례복사분편표본중，검출치병균215주，양성솔위19．63％，이치사성대장애희균위주，공135주，기중치병성대장애희균최다，위57．04％，산독성대장애희균위37．04％，침습성대장애희균위5．19％，검출1례장출혈성대장애희균 O157∶ H7；기차시사문균（4．11％）；재차시금황색포도구균（2．28％）。장도병독적총양성솔위23．83％，기중륜상병독、낙여병독、성상병독화장도선병독적검출솔분별위9．04％、13．97％、0．73％화0．64％。결론매년6～12월위세균감염복사적고봉기，심수시동부지구영유인복사병원균이치사성대장애희균、사문균급금황색포도구균위주요병원균，＜2세적저령인동응경척감염금황색포도구균적가능성。병독성복사발병솔정축년상승추세，기중낙여병독화륜상병독시주요적병원체。매년추、동계위병독감염발병고봉기。침대심수시동부지구영유인감염성복사적특점，응급시주호감측공작，응고도중시대방치공작적관리병가대인력、물력투입。
Objective To understand the main pathogens and intestinal viruses causing infantile infectious di-arrhea in the eastern area of Shenzhen city so as to provide reference for the prevention and control of diseases and clinical medication .Methods 1 095 stool samples of infantile diarrhea in the eastern area of Shenzhen city were col -lected and simultaneously performed the routine pathogen culture and the nucleic acid detection of intestinal viruses including rotavirus ,Norovirus ,astrovirus enteric adenovirus .Results Among 1 095 collected stool samples of infan-tile diarrhea ,215 strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected out with the positive rate of 19 .63% ,in which diarrhea-causing Escherichia coli was predominant and summed to 135 strains .Among Escherichia coli ,enteropathogenic Esch-erichia coli (EPEC) was maximal and accounted for 57 .04% ,enterotoxigenic E .coli (ETEC) accounted for 37 .04%and enteroinvasive E .coli (EIEC) accounted for 5 .19% .1 case of Enterohemorrhagic E .coli(EHEC) O157 ∶ H7 was detected ;followed by Salmonella(4 .11% ) and Staphylococcus aureus (2 .28% ) .The total positive rate of enterovirus was 23 .83% ,the detection rates of rotavirus ,norovirus ,astrovirus and enteric adenovirus were 9 .04% ,13 .97% , 0 .73% and 0 .64% respectively .Conclusion June -December each year is the peak period of bacterial infection diar-rhea .The pathogenic bacteria in the eastern area of Shenzhen are mainly diarrhea-causing E .coli bacteria ,Salmonella and Staphylococcus aureus .Young children under 2 years old should be vigilant to the possibility of Staphylococcus aureus infection .The incidence rate of viral diarrhea shows an increasing trend year by year ,in which norovirus and rotavirus are the main pathogens .Autumn and winter are the peak period of viral infection .Aiming at the characteris-tics of infectious diarrhea in this area ,the monitoring work should be timely done well ,the management of the preven-tion and treatment works should be paid high attention to ,and the input of the manpower and material resources should be increased .