青岛农业大学学报（自然科学版）
青島農業大學學報（自然科學版）
청도농업대학학보（자연과학판）
JOURNAL OF QINGDAO AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY
2014年
1期
21-26
,共6页
马缨丹%提取物%活性物质%氯仿%乙酸乙酯%甲醇%亚洲玉米螟
馬纓丹%提取物%活性物質%氯倣%乙痠乙酯%甲醇%亞洲玉米螟
마영단%제취물%활성물질%록방%을산을지%갑순%아주옥미명
Lantana camara%extract%active substance%chloroform%ethyl acetate%methanol%Ostrinia furnacalis
将阴干粉碎的马缨丹叶片用氯仿、乙酸乙酯、甲醇依次进行提取，3种溶剂的提取物采用点滴法、叶碟法、浸渍法等方法测定了对玉米螟3龄幼虫的触杀、胃毒、拒食作用，对3龄以后各龄期、化蛹、羽化等影响及杀卵活性。结果表明：马缨丹叶片氯仿提取物对亚洲玉米螟3龄幼虫的作用效果比乙酸乙酯和甲醇提取物的效果好。马缨丹叶片氯仿提取物对亚洲玉米螟幼虫有较强的胃毒和触杀活性，在浓度为200mg/mL时，96h其幼虫的死亡率分别为84.31％和64.29％；对玉米螟3龄幼虫的非选择性的拒食作用高于选择性的拒食作用，浓度为200mg/mL时72h对幼虫的非选择性和选择性拒食作用率分别为71.27％和50.66％；对亚洲玉米螟的卵有毒杀作用，并能延迟卵的孵化，能延缓幼虫的发育，降低化蛹率和羽化率。因此马缨丹叶片中含有对玉米螟具有生物活性的物质，但其种类及作用机理有待进一步研究。
將陰榦粉碎的馬纓丹葉片用氯倣、乙痠乙酯、甲醇依次進行提取，3種溶劑的提取物採用點滴法、葉碟法、浸漬法等方法測定瞭對玉米螟3齡幼蟲的觸殺、胃毒、拒食作用，對3齡以後各齡期、化蛹、羽化等影響及殺卵活性。結果錶明：馬纓丹葉片氯倣提取物對亞洲玉米螟3齡幼蟲的作用效果比乙痠乙酯和甲醇提取物的效果好。馬纓丹葉片氯倣提取物對亞洲玉米螟幼蟲有較彊的胃毒和觸殺活性，在濃度為200mg/mL時，96h其幼蟲的死亡率分彆為84.31％和64.29％；對玉米螟3齡幼蟲的非選擇性的拒食作用高于選擇性的拒食作用，濃度為200mg/mL時72h對幼蟲的非選擇性和選擇性拒食作用率分彆為71.27％和50.66％；對亞洲玉米螟的卵有毒殺作用，併能延遲卵的孵化，能延緩幼蟲的髮育，降低化蛹率和羽化率。因此馬纓丹葉片中含有對玉米螟具有生物活性的物質，但其種類及作用機理有待進一步研究。
장음간분쇄적마영단협편용록방、을산을지、갑순의차진행제취，3충용제적제취물채용점적법、협설법、침지법등방법측정료대옥미명3령유충적촉살、위독、거식작용，대3령이후각령기、화용、우화등영향급살란활성。결과표명：마영단협편록방제취물대아주옥미명3령유충적작용효과비을산을지화갑순제취물적효과호。마영단협편록방제취물대아주옥미명유충유교강적위독화촉살활성，재농도위200mg/mL시，96h기유충적사망솔분별위84.31％화64.29％；대옥미명3령유충적비선택성적거식작용고우선택성적거식작용，농도위200mg/mL시72h대유충적비선택성화선택성거식작용솔분별위71.27％화50.66％；대아주옥미명적란유독살작용，병능연지란적부화，능연완유충적발육，강저화용솔화우화솔。인차마영단협편중함유대옥미명구유생물활성적물질，단기충류급작용궤리유대진일보연구。
Leaves of L .camara were dried in the shade and smashed ,extracted with chloroform ,ethyl ace-tate and methanol in turn .T he stomach poison ,contact poison ,antifeedant ,ovicide and developments of egg hatch and the impact to the larva instars ,pupation and emergence of O .f urnacalis were assayed using the methods of topical application ,stomach poison ,leaf disc ,immersion ,etc ,with the extracts .It shows that the effect of chloroform extract on larva of O . f urnacalis is better than that of the extracts of ethyl acetate and methanol .The mortality of 3rd instars larva are 84.31% and 64.29% respectively using stom-ach and contact poison with chloroform extract at the concentration of 200mg/mL in 96h .The antifeedant effect of no -choice is higher than that of the choice ,and the no -choice and choice anfifeeding rates are 71.27% and 50.66% respectively under the concentration 200mg/mL in 72h .The chloroform extract has ovicidal activity ,can delay the egg incubation ,postpone the development of larva ,reduce the pupation rate and emergence rate .So there are some biological activity substances in the leaves of L .camara w hich a-gainst the O . f urnacalis ,but the isolation and identification of the specific compounds and their active mechanisms to insect need further study .
