中国生物防治学报
中國生物防治學報
중국생물방치학보
CHINESE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CONTROL
2014年
1期
51-57
,共7页
陈名%张大敏%彭凡%李增智
陳名%張大敏%彭凡%李增智
진명%장대민%팽범%리증지
茶小绿叶蝉%爪哇棒束孢%可湿性粉剂%助剂%生物防治
茶小綠葉蟬%爪哇棒束孢%可濕性粉劑%助劑%生物防治
다소록협선%조왜봉속포%가습성분제%조제%생물방치
lesser tea leafhopper%Isaria javanica%wettable powder%adjuvant%biological control
由于对刺吸式口器昆虫的独特侵染方式,真菌杀虫剂对防治茶树重要害虫假眼小绿叶蝉极具潜力,但迄今产品极少。本研究研制出对该叶蝉有高毒力的爪哇棒束孢可湿性粉剂,筛选出的助剂对孢子活力均无显著影响,物理性状为最佳。从4种载体中筛选出入水3~5 s即湿润的惰性载体海泡石,从12种湿润剂中筛选出湿润时间仅3 s的湿润剂A,从7种分散剂中筛选出悬浮率达94.9%的分散剂B,以及从2种紫外保护剂中筛选出对孢子保护率可达76.2%的荧光素钠。最后确定的配方为分生孢子粉(1011孢子/g)10%,湿润剂A 3%,分散剂B 5%,紫外保护剂荧光素钠1%,抗氧化剂C 0.5%,以海泡石作为载体补足到100%。该剂型在室温下储藏7个月后,孢子的萌发率仍达55.7%,极显著高于未制剂的分生孢子的4.9%。室内生物测定结果显示制剂对假眼小绿叶蝉的侵染死亡率达到100%。
由于對刺吸式口器昆蟲的獨特侵染方式,真菌殺蟲劑對防治茶樹重要害蟲假眼小綠葉蟬極具潛力,但迄今產品極少。本研究研製齣對該葉蟬有高毒力的爪哇棒束孢可濕性粉劑,篩選齣的助劑對孢子活力均無顯著影響,物理性狀為最佳。從4種載體中篩選齣入水3~5 s即濕潤的惰性載體海泡石,從12種濕潤劑中篩選齣濕潤時間僅3 s的濕潤劑A,從7種分散劑中篩選齣懸浮率達94.9%的分散劑B,以及從2種紫外保護劑中篩選齣對孢子保護率可達76.2%的熒光素鈉。最後確定的配方為分生孢子粉(1011孢子/g)10%,濕潤劑A 3%,分散劑B 5%,紫外保護劑熒光素鈉1%,抗氧化劑C 0.5%,以海泡石作為載體補足到100%。該劑型在室溫下儲藏7箇月後,孢子的萌髮率仍達55.7%,極顯著高于未製劑的分生孢子的4.9%。室內生物測定結果顯示製劑對假眼小綠葉蟬的侵染死亡率達到100%。
유우대자흡식구기곤충적독특침염방식,진균살충제대방치다수중요해충가안소록협선겁구잠력,단흘금산품겁소。본연구연제출대해협선유고독력적조왜봉속포가습성분제,사선출적조제대포자활력균무현저영향,물이성상위최가。종4충재체중사선출입수3~5 s즉습윤적타성재체해포석,종12충습윤제중사선출습윤시간부3 s적습윤제A,종7충분산제중사선출현부솔체94.9%적분산제B,이급종2충자외보호제중사선출대포자보호솔가체76.2%적형광소납。최후학정적배방위분생포자분(1011포자/g)10%,습윤제A 3%,분산제B 5%,자외보호제형광소납1%,항양화제C 0.5%,이해포석작위재체보족도100%。해제형재실온하저장7개월후,포자적맹발솔잉체55.7%,겁현저고우미제제적분생포자적4.9%。실내생물측정결과현시제제대가안소록협선적침염사망솔체도100%。
Few fungal insecticides against the lesser green leafhopper, Empoasca vitis, one of the most important tea tree pests in China, were applied in spite of their potential for distinctive invasion pattern. In this paper, wettable powder of a highly virulent strain Isaria javanica isolated from the leafhopper was developed with normal conidial viability and optimal physical properties. The carrier sepiolite was screened from 4 inert carriers, which got wet 3-5 s soon after being immersed into water. Wetting agent A screened from 12 agents could be wetted in 3 seconds. Dispersant B got suspension rate up to 94.9%. UV protestant fluorescent sodium had protection rate up to 76.2%. The final formulation was conidial powder (1011 spores/g) 10%, wetting agent A 3%, dispersant B 5%, fluorescent sodium 1%, antioxidant C 0.5%, with carrier sepiolite added up to 100%. The germination rate of the conidia in the preparation was 55.7% after 7 months storage at room temperature, extremely significantly higher than the unformulated conidia (4.9%). The bioassay results showed that the mortality of this preparation to leafhoppers was up to 100%.