中国水产科学
中國水產科學
중국수산과학
Journal of Fishery Sciences of China
2014年
1期
118-124
,共7页
齐茜%刘晓勇%孙大江%徐翱%麦丽开
齊茜%劉曉勇%孫大江%徐翱%麥麗開
제천%류효용%손대강%서고%맥려개
施氏鲟%n-3 HUFA%繁殖性能%性类固醇激素
施氏鱘%n-3 HUFA%繁殖性能%性類固醇激素
시씨심%n-3 HUFA%번식성능%성류고순격소
Acipenser schrenckii%unsaturated fatty acid%reproductive performance%sex steroid
以鱼油和玉米油作为脂肪源，配制4种等氮饲料(蛋白含量38%，脂肪含量12%~13%)，使脂肪酸中高度不饱和脂肪酸(n-3HUFA)的比例分别达3.1%、2.5%、1.9%、1.3%(分别简称SL1、SL2、SL3和SL4)，以其饲喂处于性腺发育Ⅲ期的施氏鲟(Acipenser schrenckii)亲鱼5个月，研究不饱和脂肪酸对其繁殖性能及性类固醇激素水平变化的影响。结果表明，经过5个月养殖，施氏鲟亲鱼平均体质量增加14.5%，经过低温刺激及升温处理至产前体质量下降6.8%，各组之间差异不显著(P>0.05)；饲料中 n-3HUFA 和 n-3PUFA 水平对繁殖性能有不同程度的影响， SL1组和 SL2组亲鱼的成熟度和仔鱼成活率高于 SL3和 SL4组，而仔鱼畸形率显著低于 SL3和 SL4组(P<0.05)； SL1组极化卵卵径显著高于其他组(P<0.05)，平均产卵量高于其他组，但各组之间差异不显著(P>0.05)；各组之间的受精率、孵化率差异不显著(P<0.05)；各饲料组间血清E2和血清T含量差异不显著(P>0.05)。本研究表明，使用混合鱼油作为饲料脂肪源，效果好于单一使用鱼油或玉米油，同时鱼油的需求比例大于玉米油，建议n-3 HUFA的适宜添加量在2.5%左右， n-3 PUFA最适需要量需要进一步研究。
以魚油和玉米油作為脂肪源，配製4種等氮飼料(蛋白含量38%，脂肪含量12%~13%)，使脂肪痠中高度不飽和脂肪痠(n-3HUFA)的比例分彆達3.1%、2.5%、1.9%、1.3%(分彆簡稱SL1、SL2、SL3和SL4)，以其飼餵處于性腺髮育Ⅲ期的施氏鱘(Acipenser schrenckii)親魚5箇月，研究不飽和脂肪痠對其繁殖性能及性類固醇激素水平變化的影響。結果錶明，經過5箇月養殖，施氏鱘親魚平均體質量增加14.5%，經過低溫刺激及升溫處理至產前體質量下降6.8%，各組之間差異不顯著(P>0.05)；飼料中 n-3HUFA 和 n-3PUFA 水平對繁殖性能有不同程度的影響， SL1組和 SL2組親魚的成熟度和仔魚成活率高于 SL3和 SL4組，而仔魚畸形率顯著低于 SL3和 SL4組(P<0.05)； SL1組極化卵卵徑顯著高于其他組(P<0.05)，平均產卵量高于其他組，但各組之間差異不顯著(P>0.05)；各組之間的受精率、孵化率差異不顯著(P<0.05)；各飼料組間血清E2和血清T含量差異不顯著(P>0.05)。本研究錶明，使用混閤魚油作為飼料脂肪源，效果好于單一使用魚油或玉米油，同時魚油的需求比例大于玉米油，建議n-3 HUFA的適宜添加量在2.5%左右， n-3 PUFA最適需要量需要進一步研究。
이어유화옥미유작위지방원，배제4충등담사료(단백함량38%，지방함량12%~13%)，사지방산중고도불포화지방산(n-3HUFA)적비례분별체3.1%、2.5%、1.9%、1.3%(분별간칭SL1、SL2、SL3화SL4)，이기사위처우성선발육Ⅲ기적시씨심(Acipenser schrenckii)친어5개월，연구불포화지방산대기번식성능급성류고순격소수평변화적영향。결과표명，경과5개월양식，시씨심친어평균체질량증가14.5%，경과저온자격급승온처리지산전체질량하강6.8%，각조지간차이불현저(P>0.05)；사료중 n-3HUFA 화 n-3PUFA 수평대번식성능유불동정도적영향， SL1조화 SL2조친어적성숙도화자어성활솔고우 SL3화 SL4조，이자어기형솔현저저우 SL3화 SL4조(P<0.05)； SL1조겁화란란경현저고우기타조(P<0.05)，평균산란량고우기타조，단각조지간차이불현저(P>0.05)；각조지간적수정솔、부화솔차이불현저(P<0.05)；각사료조간혈청E2화혈청T함량차이불현저(P>0.05)。본연구표명，사용혼합어유작위사료지방원，효과호우단일사용어유혹옥미유，동시어유적수구비례대우옥미유，건의n-3 HUFA적괄의첨가량재2.5%좌우， n-3 PUFA최괄수요량수요진일보연구。
The effects of unsaturated fatty acids content in Amur sturgeon(Acipenser schrenckii) broodstock diets on reproductive performance and serum sex steroids levels were studied. Four groups of 48 female broodstocks, with an average body weight of (18.24±2.44) kg, were fed four artificial formulated diets containing 3.1%(SL1), 2.5%(SL2), 1.9%(SL3) and 1.3%(SL4) of n-3HUFA by adding different proportions of refined fish oil and corn oil for a period of 5 months from stage III of gonad development. Their reproductive performance, serum E2 and T were evaluated. The re-sults showed that after the Amur sturgeons were fed the diets for 5 months, their average body weight increased by 14.5%, while their average body weight dropped by 6.8%after winter and heating processing, with no significant dif-ference between the trial groups (P>0.05). Different n-3 HUFA and n-3 PUFA levels in feed had different effects on reproductive performance. The maturity rate and larval survival rate of the SL1 and SL2 groups were significantly higher than those of SL3 and SL4 group (P<0.05), while the rates of abnormalities and deformities were significantly lower than that of the SL3 and SL4 group (P<0.05). The diameter of the polarization egg of the SL1 group was signifi-cantly higher than that of the other groups (P<0.05), while average fecundity was higher than other groups, but not sig-nificantly (P>0.05). The fertilization rate and hatching rate were not significantly different among the trial groups (P<0.05). The serum E2 level of each group was significantly higher than that before feeding (P<0.05), while the serum T level of each group decreased differently compared with before feeding (P>0.05);however, no significant difference was found among the trial groups (P>0.05). This study indicated that the mixed oil is better than single fish oil or corn oil as a feed source of fat, the effect of fish oil is greater than that of corn oil in the feed at the same time, and the appropriate re-quirement forn-3 HUFA is approximately 2.5%.
